Which one of the following is a tautology?

Let A, B, C and D be four non-empty sets. The contrapositive statement of "If A $$ \subseteq $$ B and B $$ \subseteq $$ D, then A $$ \subseteq $$ C" is :

The logical statement (p $$ \Rightarrow $$ q) $$\Lambda $$ ( q $$ \Rightarrow $$ ~p) is equivalent to :

The Boolean expression ~(p $$ \Rightarrow $$ (~q)) is equivalent to :