Thermodynamics · Chemistry · JEE Main

If $\quad C$ (diamond $) \rightarrow C$ (graphite) $+X \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

C (diamond) $+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Y} \mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}{ }^{-1}$

C (graphite) $+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{Z} \mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$

at constant temperature. Then

500 J of energy is transferred as heat to 0.5 mol of Argon gas at 298 K and 1.00 atm. The final temperature and the change in internal energy respectively are: Given: R = 8.3 J K^-1 mol^-1

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic transformation starting from the point A and coming back to the same point by tracing the path A→B→C→D→A as shown in the three cases above.

Choose the correct option regarding ΔU :

Ice and water are placed in a closed container at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature 273.15 K . If pressure of the system is increased 2 times, keeping temperature constant, then identify correct observation from following

$$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{S}(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{3}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{SO}_3(\mathrm{~g})+2 x \mathrm{kcal} \\ & \mathrm{SO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{SO}_3(\mathrm{~g})+y \mathrm{kcal} \end{aligned}$$

The heat of formation of $\mathrm{SO}_2(\mathrm{~g})$ is given by :

Which of the following mixing of 1 M base and 1 M acid leads to the largest increase in temperature?

Let us consider an endothermic reaction which is non-spontaneous at the freezing point of water. However, the reaction is spontaneous at boiling point of water. Choose the correct option.

The effect of temperature on spontaneity of reactions are represented as :

The incorrect combinations are :

Ice at $-5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ is heated to become vapor with temperature of $110^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ at atmospheric pressure. The entropy change associated with this process can be obtained from

Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

A liquid when kept inside a thermally insulated closed vessel at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ was mechanically stirred from outside. What will be the correct option for the following thermodynamic parameters ?

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R)

Assertion (A) : Enthalpy of neutralisation of strong monobasic acid with strong monoacidic base is always $$-57 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

Reason (R) : Enthalpy of neutralisation is the amount of heat liberated when one mole of $$\mathrm{H}^{+}$$ ions furnished by acid combine with one mole of $${ }^{-} \mathrm{OH}$$ ions furnished by base to form one mole of water.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below.

Which of the following is not correct?

What happens when methane undergoes combustion in systems A and B respectively?

Given

$$\mathrm{\Delta H^0}$$ for the reaction

$$\mathrm{C(graphite)+\frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\to CO(g)}$$ is :

Which of the following relations are correct?

(A) $$\mathrm{\Delta U=q+p\Delta V}$$

(B) $$\mathrm{\Delta G=\Delta H-T\Delta S}$$

(C) $$\Delta \mathrm{S}=\frac{q_{rev}}{T}$$

(D) $$\mathrm{\Delta H=\Delta U-\Delta nRT}$$

Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion $$\mathbf{A}$$ and the other is labelled as Reason $$\mathbf{R}$$

Assertion A : The reduction of a metal oxide is easier if the metal formed is in liquid state than solid state.

Reason $$\mathbf{R}$$ : The value of $$\Delta G ^\Theta$$ becomes more on negative side as entropy is higher in liquid state than solid state.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Which of the following relation is not correct?

$$\Delta$$G$$^\circ$$ vs T plot for the formation of MgO, involving reaction

2Mg + O₂ $$\to$$ 2MgO, will look like :

Match List-I with List-II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

At 25$$^\circ$$C and 1 atm pressure, the enthalpy of combustion of benzene (I) and acetylene (g) are $$-$$ 3268 kJ mol^$$-$$1 and $$-$$1300 kJ mol^$$-$$1, respectively. The change in enthalpy for the reaction 3 C₂H₂(g) $$\to$$ C₆H₆ (I), is :

At 25$$^\circ$$C and 1 atm pressure, the enthalpies of combustion are as given below :

The enthalpy of formation of ethane is

Consider the following data :

Heat of formation of $\mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{g})=-393.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}{ }^{-1}$

Heat of formation of $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})=-286.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}{ }^{-1}$

Heat of combustion of benzene $=-3267.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$

The heat of formation of benzene is __________ $\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$. (Nearest integer)

The formation enthalpies, $\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\ominus}$ for $\mathrm{H}_{(\mathrm{g})}$ and $\mathrm{O}_{(\mathrm{g})}$ are 220.0 and $250.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$, respectively, at 298.15 K , and $\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\ominus}$ for $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_{(\mathrm{g})}$ is $-242.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ at the same temperature. The average bond enthalpy of the $\mathrm{O}-\mathrm{H}$ bond in water at 298.15 K is _______ $\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ (nearest integer).

Standard entropies of $\mathrm{X}_2, \mathrm{Y}_2$ and $\mathrm{XY}_5$ are 70, 50 and $110 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ respectively. The temperature in Kelvin at which the reaction

$$\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{X}_2+\frac{5}{2} \mathrm{Y}_2 \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{XY}_5 \Delta \mathrm{H}^{\ominus}=-35 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

will be at equilibrium is __________ (Nearest integer)

The bond dissociation enthalpy of $\mathrm{X}_2 \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {bond }}^{\circ}$ calculated from the given data is ___________ $\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$. (Nearest integer)

$$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{M}^{+} \mathrm{X}^{-}(\mathrm{s}) \rightarrow \mathrm{M}^{+}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{X}^{-}(\mathrm{g}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {lattice }}^{\circ}=800 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \\ & \mathrm{M}(\mathrm{~s}) \rightarrow \mathrm{M}(\mathrm{~g}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {sub }}^{\circ}=100 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \end{aligned}$$

$$\mathrm{M}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{M}^{+}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{e}^{-}(\mathrm{g}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\circ}=500 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\mathrm{X}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{e}^{-}(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{X}^{-}(\mathrm{g}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{eg}}^{\circ}=-300 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\mathrm{M}(\mathrm{~s})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{X}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{M}^{+} \mathrm{X}^{-}(\mathrm{s}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_f^{\circ}=-400 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

[Given : $\mathrm{M}^{+} \mathrm{X}^{-}$is a pure ionic compound and X forms a diatomic molecule $\mathrm{X}_2$ in gaseous state]

The standard enthalpy and standard entropy of decomposition of $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{O}_4$ to $\mathrm{NO}_2$ are $55.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$ and $175.0 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{K} / \mathrm{mol}$ respectively. The standard free energy change for this reaction at $25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ in J $\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$ is ________ (Nearest integer)

Consider the following cases of standard enthalpy of reaction $\left(\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{r}}^{\circ}\right.$ in $\left.\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}\right)$

$$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{7}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_1^{\circ}=-1550 \\ & \mathrm{C}(\text { graphite })+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_2^{\circ}=-393.5 \\ & \mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{~g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \Delta \mathrm{H}_3^{\circ}=-286 \end{aligned}$$

The magnitude of $\Delta \mathrm{H}_{f \mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6(\mathrm{~g})}^{\circ}$ is ____________ $\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$ (Nearest integer).

When $$\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{vap}}=30 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$$ and $$\Delta \mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{vap}}=75 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}$$, then the temperature of vapour, at one atmosphere is _________ K.

When equal volume of $$1 \mathrm{~M} \mathrm{~HCl}$$ and $$1 \mathrm{~M} \mathrm{~H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4$$ are separately neutralised by excess volume of $$1 \mathrm{M}$$ $$\mathrm{NaOH}$$ solution. $$x$$ and $$y \mathrm{~kJ}$$ of heat is liberated respectively. The value of $$y / x$$ is __________.

The heat of solution of anhydrous $$\mathrm{CuSO}_4$$ and $$\mathrm{CuSO}_4 \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$$ are $$-70 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ and $$+12 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ respectively.

The heat of hydration of $$\mathrm{CuSO}_4$$ to $$\mathrm{CuSO}_4 \cdot 5 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$$ is $$-x \mathrm{~kJ}$$. The value of $$x$$ is ________. (nearest integer).

$$\Delta_{\text {vap }} \mathrm{H}^{\ominus}$$ for water is $$+40.79 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ at 1 bar and $$100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$. Change in internal energy for this vapourisation under same condition is ________ $$\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$. (Integer answer) (Given $$\mathrm{R}=8.3 \mathrm{~JK}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$)

Consider the figure provided.

$$1 \mathrm{~mol}$$ of an ideal gas is kept in a cylinder, fitted with a piston, at the position A, at $$18^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$. If the piston is moved to position $$\mathrm{B}$$, keeping the temperature unchanged, then '$$\mathrm{x}$$' $$\mathrm{L}$$ atm work is done in this reversible process.

$$\mathrm{x}=$$ ________ $$\mathrm{L}$$ atm. (nearest integer)

[Given : Absolute temperature $$={ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}+273.15, \mathrm{R}=0.08206 \mathrm{~L} \mathrm{~atm} \mathrm{~mol}{ }^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}$$]

For the reaction at $$298 \mathrm{~K}, 2 \mathrm{~A}+\mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}, \Delta \mathrm{H}=400 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ and $$\Delta S=0.2 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}$$. The reaction will become spontaneous above __________ $$\mathrm{K}$$.

An ideal gas, $$\overline{\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{v}}=\frac{5}{2} \mathrm{R}$$, is expanded adiabatically against a constant pressure of 1 atm untill it doubles in volume. If the initial temperature and pressure is $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ and $$5 \mathrm{~atm}$$, respectively then the final temperature is _________ $$\mathrm{K}$$ (nearest integer).

[$$\overline{\mathrm{c}}_{\mathrm{v}}$$ is the molar heat capacity at constant volume]

Combustion of 1 mole of benzene is expressed at

$$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6(\mathrm{l})+\frac{15}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \text {. }$$

The standard enthalpy of combustion of $$2 \mathrm{~mol}$$ of benzene is $$-^{\prime} x^{\prime} \mathrm{kJ}$$. $$x=$$ __________.

Given :

1. standard Enthalpy of formation of $$1 \mathrm{~mol}$$ of $$\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6(\mathrm{l})$$, for the reaction $$6 \mathrm{C}$$ (graphite) $$+3 \mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6(\mathrm{l})$$ is $$48.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$.

2. Standard Enthalpy of formation of $$1 \mathrm{~mol}$$ of $$\mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{g})$$, for the reaction $$\mathrm{C}$$ (graphite) $$+\mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{g})$$ is $$-393.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$.

3. Standard and Enthalpy of formation of $$1 \mathrm{~mol}$$ of $$\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})$$, for the reaction $$\mathrm{H}_2(\mathrm{g})+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_2(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})$$ is $$-286 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$.

The heat of combustion of solid benzoic acid at constant volume is $$-321.30 \mathrm{~kJ}$$ at $$27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$. The heat of combustion at constant pressure is $$(-321.30-x \mathrm{R}) \mathrm{~kJ}$$, the value of $$x$$ is __________.

Three moles of an ideal gas are compressed isothermally from $$60 \mathrm{~L}$$ to $$20 \mathrm{~L}$$ using constant pressure of $$5 \mathrm{~atm}$$. Heat exchange $$\mathrm{Q}$$ for the compression is - _________ Lit. atm.

The enthalpy of formation of ethane $$(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_6)$$ from ethylene by addition of hydrogen where the bond-energies of $$\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{H}, \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H}-\mathrm{H}$$ are $$414 \mathrm{~kJ}, 347 \mathrm{~kJ}, 615 \mathrm{~kJ}$$ and $$435 \mathrm{~kJ}$$ respectively is $$-$$ __________ $$\mathrm{kJ}$$

If 5 moles of an ideal gas expands from $$10 \mathrm{~L}$$ to a volume of $$100 \mathrm{~L}$$ at $$300 \mathrm{~K}$$ under isothermal and reversible condition then work, $$\mathrm{w}$$, is $$-x \mathrm{~J}$$. The value of $$x$$ is __________.

(Given R = 8.314 J K$$^{-1}$$ mol$$^{-1}$$)

Consider the following reaction at $$298 \mathrm{~K} \cdot \frac{3}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2(g)} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{O}_{3(g)} \cdot \mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{P}}=2.47 \times 10^{-29}$$. $$\Delta_r G^{\ominus}$$ for the reaction is _________ $$\mathrm{kJ}$$. (Given $$\mathrm{R}=8.314 \mathrm{~JK}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$)

Two reactions are given below:

$$\begin{aligned} & 2 \mathrm{Fe}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\frac{3}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2(\mathrm{~g})} \rightarrow \mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_{3(\mathrm{~s})}, \Delta \mathrm{H}^{\circ}=-822 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \\ & \mathrm{C}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{O}_{2(\mathrm{~g})} \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{(\mathrm{g})}, \Delta \mathrm{H}^{\circ}=-110 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol} \end{aligned}$$

Then enthalpy change for following reaction $$3 \mathrm{C}_{(\mathrm{s})}+\mathrm{Fe}_2 \mathrm{O}_{3(\mathrm{~s})} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Fe}_{(\mathrm{s})}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{(\mathrm{g})}$$ is _______ $$\mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$$.

An ideal gas undergoes a cyclic transformation starting from the point A and coming back to the same point by tracing the path $$\mathrm{A} \rightarrow \mathrm{B} \rightarrow \mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{A}$$ as shown in the diagram above. The total work done in the process is __________ J.

Standard enthalpy of vapourisation for $$\mathrm{CCl}_4$$ is $$30.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$. Heat required for vapourisation of $$284 \mathrm{~g}$$ of $$\mathrm{CCl}_4$$ at constant temperature is ________ $$\mathrm{kJ}$$.

(Given molar mass in $$\mathrm{g} \mathrm{mol}^{-1} ; \mathrm{C}=12, \mathrm{Cl}=35.5$$)

For a certain thermochemical reaction $$\mathrm{M} \rightarrow \mathrm{N}$$ at $$\mathrm{T}=400 \mathrm{~K}, \Delta \mathrm{H}^{\ominus}=77.2 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}, \Delta \mathrm{S}=122 \mathrm{~JK}^{-1}, \log$$ equilibrium constant $$(\log K)$$ is __________ $$\times 10^{-1}$$.

If three moles of an ideal gas at $$300 \mathrm{~K}$$ expand isothermally from $$30 \mathrm{~dm}^3$$ to $$45 \mathrm{~dm}^3$$ against a constant opposing pressure of $$80 \mathrm{~kPa}$$, then the amount of heat transferred is _______ J.

$$\mathrm{A}_{2}+\mathrm{B}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{AB} . \Delta H_{f}^{0}=-200 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\mathrm{AB}, \mathrm{A}_{2}$$ and $$\mathrm{B}_{2}$$ are diatomic molecules. If the bond enthalpies of $$\mathrm{A}_{2}, \mathrm{~B}_{2}$$ and $$\mathrm{AB}$$ are in the ratio $$1: 0.5: 1$$, then the bond enthalpy of $$\mathrm{A}_{2}$$ is ____________ $$\mathrm{kJ} ~\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$$ (Nearest integer)

One mole of an ideal gas at $$350 \mathrm{~K}$$ is in a $$2.0 \mathrm{~L}$$ vessel of thermally conducting walls, which are in contact with the surroundings. It undergoes isothermal reversible expansion from 2.0 L to $$3.0 \mathrm{~L}$$ against a constant pressure of $$4 \mathrm{~atm}$$. The change in entropy of the surroundings ( $$\Delta \mathrm{S})$$ is ___________ $$\mathrm{J} \mathrm{K}^{-1}$$ (Nearest integer)

Given: $$\mathrm{R}=8.314 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$.

The total number of intensive properties from the following is __________

Volume, Molar heat capacity, Molarity, $$\mathrm{E}^{\theta}$$ cell, Gibbs free energy change, Molar mass, Mole

Solid fuel used in rocket is a mixture of $$\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$$ and $$\mathrm{Al}$$ (in ratio 1 : 2). The heat evolved $$(\mathrm{kJ})$$ per gram of the mixture is ____________. (Nearest integer)

Given: $$\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\theta}\left(\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\right)=-1700 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}^{\theta}\left(\mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}\right)=-840 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

Molar mass of Fe, Al and O are 56, 27 and 16 g mol$$^{-1}$$ respectively.

The number of endothermic process/es from the following is ______________.

A. $$\mathrm{I}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{I}(\mathrm{g})$$

B. $$\mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{g})+\mathrm{Cl}(\mathrm{g})$$

C. $$\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{g})$$

D. $$\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})$$

E. Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water

For complete combustion of ethene.

$$\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{g})+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{g})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l})$$

the amount of heat produced as measured in bomb calorimeter is $$1406 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ at $$300 \mathrm{~K}$$. The minimum value of $$\mathrm{T} \Delta \mathrm{S}$$ needed to reach equilibrium is ($$-$$) _________ $$\mathrm{kJ}$$. (Nearest integer)

Given : $$\mathrm{R}=8.3 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

When a $$60 \mathrm{~W}$$ electric heater is immersed in a gas for 100 s in a constant volume container with adiabatic walls, the temperature of the gas rises by $$5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$. The heat capacity of the given gas is ___________ $$\mathrm{J} \mathrm{K}^{-1}$$ (Nearest integer)

Consider the following data

Heat of combustion of $$\mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{g})\quad\quad=-241.8 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

Heat of combustion of $$\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{s})\quad\quad=-393.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

Heat of combustion of $$\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{l})\quad=-1234.7 \mathrm{~kJ}~{\mathrm{mol}}^{-1}$$

The heat of formation of $$\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{l})$$ is $$(-)$$ ___________ $$\mathrm{kJ} ~\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$$ (Nearest integer).

Consider the graph of Gibbs free energy G vs Extent of reaction. The number of statement/s from the following which are true with respect to points (a), (b) and (c) is _________

A. Reaction is spontaneous at (a) and (b)

B. Reaction is at equilibrium at point (b) and non-spontaneous at point (c)

C. Reaction is spontaneous at (a) and non-spontaneous at (c)

D. Reaction is non-spontaneous at (a) and (b)

The value of $$\log \mathrm{K}$$ for the reaction $$\mathrm{A} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{B}$$ at $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ is ___________. (Nearest integer)

Given: $$\Delta \mathrm{H}^{\circ}=-54.07 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

$$\Delta \mathrm{S}^{\circ}=10 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$

(Take $$2.303 \times 8.314 \times 298=5705$$ )

$$0.3 \mathrm{~g}$$ of ethane undergoes combustion at $$27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$ in a bomb calorimeter. The temperature of calorimeter system (including the water) is found to rise by $$0.5^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$. The heat evolved during combustion of ethane at constant pressure is ____________ $$\mathrm{kJ} ~\mathrm{mol}{ }^{-1}$$. (Nearest integer)

[Given : The heat capacity of the calorimeter system is $$20 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}, \mathrm{R}=8.3 ~\mathrm{JK}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$.

Assume ideal gas behaviour.

Atomic mass of $$\mathrm{C}$$ and $$\mathrm{H}$$ are 12 and $$1 \mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ respectively]

At $$25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$, the enthalpy of the following processes are given :

What would be the value of X for the following reaction ? _____________ (Nearest integer)

$$\mathrm{H_2O(g)\to H(g)+OH(g)~\Delta H^\circ=X~kJ~mol^{-1}}$$

The enthalpy change for the conversion of $$\frac{1}{2} \mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})$$ to $$\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$$(aq) is ($$-$$) ___________ $$\mathrm{kJ} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}$$ (Nearest integer)

Given : $$\Delta_{\mathrm{dis}} \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{Cl}_{2(\mathrm{~g})}^{\theta}}^{\ominus}=240 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}, \Delta_{\mathrm{eg}} \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{Cl_{(g)}}}^{\ominus}=-350 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$,

$${\mathrm{\Delta _{hyd}}H_{Cl_{(g)}^ - }^\Theta = - 380}$$ $$\mathrm{kJ~mol^{-1}}$$

When 2 litre of ideal gas expands isothermally into vacuum to a total volume of 6 litre, the change in internal energy is ____________ J. (Nearest integer)

28.0 L of CO$$_2$$ is produced on complete combustion of 16.8 L gaseous mixture of ethene and methane at 25$$^\circ$$C and 1 atm. Heat evolved during the combustion process is ___________ kJ.

Given : $$\mathrm{\Delta H_c~(CH_4)=-900~kJ~mol^{-1}}$$

$$\mathrm{\Delta H_c~(C_2H_4)=-1400~kJ~mol^{-1}}$$

An athlete is given 100 g of glucose (C$$_6$$H$$_{12}$$O$$_6$$) for energy. This is equivalent to 1800kJ of energy. The 50% of this energy gained is utilized by the athlete for sports activities at the event. In order to avoid storage of energy, the weight of extra water he would need to perspire is ____________ g (Nearest integer)

Assume that there is no other way of consuming stored energy.

Given : The enthalpy of evaporation of water is 45 kJ mol$$^{-1}$$

Molar mass of C, H & O are 12, 1 and 16 g mol$$^{-1}$$.

One mole of an ideal monoatomic gas is subjected to changes as shown in the graph. The magnitude of the work done (by the system or on the system) is __________ J (nearest integer)

Given ; $$\log2=0.3$$

$$\ln10=2.3$$

Following figure shows spectrum of an ideal black body at four different temperatures. The number of correct statement/s from the following is ____________.

A. $$\mathrm{T_4 > T_3 > T_2 > T_1}$$

B. The black body consists of particles performing simple harmonic motion.

C. The peak of the spectrum shifts to shorter wavelength as temperature increases.

D. $${{{T_1}} \over {{v_1}}} = {{{T_2}} \over {{v_2}}} = {{{T_3}} \over {{v_3}}} \ne $$ constant

E. The given spectrum could be explained using quantisation of energy.

For independent process at 300 K

The number of non-spontaneous process from the following is __________

When 600 mL of 0.2 M HNO₃ is mixed with $$400 \mathrm{~mL}$$ of 0.1 M NaOH solution in a flask, the rise in temperature of the flask is ___________ $$\times 10^{-2}{ }\,^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$.

(Enthalpy of neutralisation $$=57 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ and Specific heat of water $$=4.2 \,\mathrm{JK}^{-1} \mathrm{~g}^{-1}$$) (Neglect heat capacity of flask)

Among the following the number of state variables is ______________.

Internal energy (U)

Volume (V)

Heat (q)

Enthalpy (H)

A gas (Molar mass = 280 $$\mathrm{~g} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$) was burnt in excess $$\mathrm{O}_{2}$$ in a constant volume calorimeter and during combustion the temperature of calorimeter increased from $$298.0 \mathrm{~K}$$ to $$298.45$$ $$\mathrm{K}$$. If the heat capacity of calorimeter is $$2.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}$$ and enthalpy of combustion of gas is $$9 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ then amount of gas burnt is _____________ g. (Nearest Integer)

The molar heat capacity for an ideal gas at constant pressure is $$20.785 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$. The change in internal energy is $$5000 \mathrm{~J}$$ upon heating it from $$300 \mathrm{~K}$$ to $$500 \mathrm{~K}$$. The number of moles of the gas at constant volume is ____________. [Nearest integer] (Given: $$\mathrm{R}=8.314 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$)

For the reaction

$$\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{F}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{F}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})$$

$$\Delta U=-59.6 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ at $$27^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$$.

The enthalpy change for the above reaction is ($$-$$) __________ $$\mathrm{kJ} \,\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$$ [nearest integer]

Given: $$\mathrm{R}=8.314 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~K}^{-1} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$.

$$2.4 \mathrm{~g}$$ coal is burnt in a bomb calorimeter in excess of oxygen at $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ and $$1 \mathrm{~atm}$$ pressure. The temperature of the calorimeter rises from $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ to $$300 \mathrm{~K}$$. The enthalpy change during the combustion of coal is $$-x \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$. The value of $$x$$ is ___________. (Nearest Integer)

(Given : Heat capacity of bomb calorimeter $$20.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}$$. Assume coal to be pure carbon)

While performing a thermodynamics experiment, a student made the following observations.

HCl + NaOH $$\to$$ NaCl + H₂O $$\Delta$$H = $$-$$57.3 kJ mol^$$-$$1

CH₃COOH + NaOH $$\to$$ CH₃COONa + H₂O $$\Delta$$H = $$-$$55.3 kJ mol^$$-$$1

The enthalpy of ionization of CH₃COOH as calculated by the student is _____________ kJ mol^$$-$$1. (nearest integer)

The enthalpy of combustion of propane, graphite and dihydrogen at $$298 \mathrm{~K}$$ are $$-2220.0 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1},-393.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ and $$-285.8 \mathrm{~kJ} \mathrm{~mol}^{-1}$$ respectively. The magnitude of enthalpy of formation of propane $$\left(\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}\right)$$ is _______________ $$\mathrm{kJ} \,\mathrm{mol}^{-1}$$. (Nearest integer)

1.0 mol of monoatomic ideal gas is expanded from state 1 to state 2 as shown in the figure. The magnitude of the work done for the expansion of gas from state 1 to state 2 at 300 K is ____________ J. (Nearest integer)

(Given : R = 8.3 J K^$$-$$1 mol^$$-$$1, ln10 = 2.3, log2 = 0.30)

2.2 g of nitrous oxide (N₂O) gas is cooled at a constant pressure of 1 atm from 310 K to 270 K causing the compression of the gas from 217.1 mL to 167.75 mL. The change in internal energy of the process, $$\Delta$$U is '$$-$$x' J. The value of 'x' is ________. [nearest integer]

(Given : atomic mass of N = 14 g mol^$$-$$1 and of O = 16 g mol^$$-$$1. Molar heat capacity of N₂O is 100 J K^$$-$$1 mol^$$-$$1)

17.0 g of NH₃ completely vapourises at $$-$$33.42$$^\circ$$C and 1 bar pressure and the enthalpy change in the process is 23.4 kJ mol^$$-$$1. The enthalpy change for the vapourisation of 85 g of NH₃ under the same conditions is _________ kJ.

For combustion of one mole of magnesium in an open container at 300 K and 1 bar pressure, $$\Delta$$_CH^{$$\Theta $$} = $$-$$601.70 kJ mol^$$-$$1, the magnitude of change in internal energy for the reaction is __________ kJ. (Nearest integer)

(Given : R = 8.3 J K^$$-$$1 mol^$$-$$1)

4.0 L of an ideal gas is allowed to expand isothermally into vacuum until the total volume is 2.0 L. The amount of heat absorbed in this expansion is ____________ L atm.

When 5 moles of He gas expand isothermally and reversibly at 300 K from 10 litre to 20 litre, the magnitude of the maximum work obtained is __________ J. [nearest integer] (Given : R = 8.3 J K^$$-$$1 mol^$$-$$1 and log 2 = 0.3010)

A fish swimming in water body when taken out from the water body is covered with a film of water of weight 36 g. When it is subjected to cooking at 100$$^\circ$$C, then the internal energy for vaporization in kJ mol^$$-$$1 is ___________. [nearest integer]

[Assume steam to be an ideal gas. Given $$\Delta$$_vapH$$^\Theta $$ for water at 373 K and 1 bar is 41.1 kJ mol^$$-$$1 ; R = 8.31 J K^$$-$$1 mol^$$-$$1]

For complete combustion of methanol

CH₃OH(I) + $${3 \over 2}$$O₂(g) $$\to$$ CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(I)

the amount of heat produced as measured by bomb calorimeter is 726 kJ mol^$$-$$1 at 27$$^\circ$$C. The enthalpy of combustion for the reaction is $$-$$x kJ mol^$$-$$1, where x is ___________. (Nearest integer)

(Given : R = 8.3 JK^$$-$$1 mol^$$-$$1)

The standard entropy change for the reaction

4Fe(s) + 3O₂(g) $$\to$$ 2Fe₂O₃(s) is $$-$$550 J K^$$-$$1 at 298 K.

[Given : The standard enthalpy change for the reaction is $$-$$165 kJ mol^$$-$$1]. The temperature in K at which the reaction attains equilibrium is _____________. (Nearest Integer)