Consider an endothermic reaction, X $$\to$$ Y with the activation energies E_b and E_f for the backward and forward reactions, respectively. In general :

If $$\alpha$$ is the degree of dissociation of Na₂SO₄, the vant Hoff’s factor (i) used for calculating the molecular mass is :

The solubility product of a salt having general formula MX₂, in water is: 4 $$\times$$ 10^-12 . The concentration of M²⁺ ions in the aqueous solution of the salt is :

The exothermic formation of ClF₃ is represented by the equation:
Cl₂ (g) + 3F₂ (g) $$\leftrightharpoons$$ 2ClF₃ (g); $$\Delta H$$ = -329 kJ
Which of the following will increase the quantity of ClF₃ in an equilibrium mixture of Cl₂, F₂ and ClF₃?