If in a $$p$$-$$n$$ junction diode, a square input signal of $$10$$ $$V$$ is applied as shown

Then the output signal across $${R_L}$$ will be

In a common base mode of a transistor, the collector current is $$5.488$$ $$mA$$ for an emitter current of $$5.60mA.$$ The value of the base current amplification factor $$\left( \beta \right)$$ will be

If the lattice constant of this semiconductor is decreased, then which of the following is correct?

In the following, which one of the diodes is reverse biased?