An experiment is performed to determine the I - V characteristics of a Zener diode, which has a protective resistance of R = 100 $$\Omega $$, and a maximum power of dissipation rating of 1 W. The minimum voltage range of the DC source in the circuit is :

Identify the semiconductor devices whose characteristics are given below, in the order $$(a), (b), (c), (d)$$ :

If $$a, b, c, d$$ are inputs to a gate and $$x$$ is its output, then, as per the following time graph, the gate is :

The temperature dependence of resistance of $$Cu$$ and undoped $$Si$$ in the temperature range $$300-400$$ $$K,$$ is best described by :