If a + x = b + y = c + z + 1, where a, b, c, x, y, z
are non-zero distinct real numbers, then
$$\left| {\matrix{ x & {a + y} & {x + a} \cr y & {b + y} & {y + b} \cr z & {c + y} & {z + c} \cr } } \right|$$ is equal to :

$$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} {{x\left( {{e^{\left( {\sqrt {1 + {x^2} + {x^4}} - 1} \right)/x}} - 1} \right)} \over {\sqrt {1 + {x^2} + {x^4}} - 1}}$$

If the system of linear equations
x + y + 3z = 0
x + 3y + k²z = 0
3x + y + 3z = 0
has a non-zero solution (x, y, z) for some k $$ \in $$ R, then x + $$\left( {{y \over z}} \right)$$ is equal to :

Let the vectors $$\overrightarrow a $$, $$\overrightarrow b $$, $$\overrightarrow c $$ be such that
$$\left| {\overrightarrow a } \right| = 2$$, $$\left| {\overrightarrow b } \right| = 4$$ and $$\left| {\overrightarrow c } \right| = 4$$. If the projection of
$$\overrightarrow b $$ on $$\overrightarrow a $$ is equal to the projection of $$\overrightarrow c $$ on $$\overrightarrow a $$
and $$\overrightarrow b $$ is perpendicular to $$\overrightarrow c $$, then the value of
$$\left| {\overrightarrow a + \vec b - \overrightarrow c } \right|$$ is ___________.