The mass of a spaceship is $$1000$$ $$kg.$$ It is to be launched from the earth's surface out into free space. The value of $$g$$ and $$R$$ (radius of earth ) are $$10\,m/{s^2}$$ and $$6400$$ $$km$$ respectively. The required energy for this work will be:

A Carnot engine, whose efficiency is $$40\% $$, takes in heat from a source maintained at a temperature of $$500$$ $$K.$$ It is desired to have an engine of efficiency $$60\% .$$ Then, the intake temperature for the same exhaust (sink) temperature must be :

A thin liquid film formed between a U-shaped wire and a light slider supports a weight of $$1.5 \times {10^{ - 2}}\,\,N$$ (see figure). The length of the slider is $$30$$ $$cm$$ and its weight negligible. The surface tension of the liquid film is

Helium gas goes through a cycle $$ABCD$$ (consisting of two isochoric and isobaric lines) as shown in figure efficiency of this cycle is nearly : (Assume the gas to be close to ideal gas)