Consider the given plots of vapour pressure (VP) vs temperature(T/K). Which amongst the following options is correct graphical representation showing $\Delta \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{f}}$, depression in the freezing point of a solvent in a solution?

Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The conversion proceeds well in the less polar medium.

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{Cl} \xrightarrow{\mathrm{HO}^{-}} \mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{OH}+\mathrm{Cl}^{(-)}$$

Statement II: The conversion proceeds well in the more polar medium.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below

Preparation of potassium permanganate from $\mathrm{MnO}_2$ involves two step process in which the 1st step is a reaction with KOH and $\mathrm{KNO}_3$ to produce

Which one of the carbocations from the following is most stable?