Find the mutual inductance in the arrangement, when a small circular loop of wire of radius '$$R$$' is placed inside a large square loop of wire of side $$L$$ $$(L \gg R)$$. The loops are coplanar and their centres coincide :

In a cuboid of dimension $$2 \mathrm{~L} \times 2 \mathrm{~L} \times \mathrm{L}$$, a charge $$q$$ is placed at the center of the surface '$$\mathrm{S}$$' having area of $$4 \mathrm{~L}^{2}$$. The flux through the opposite surface to '$$\mathrm{S}$$' is given by

Surface tension of a soap bubble is $$2.0 \times 10^{-2} \mathrm{Nm}^{-1}$$. Work done to increase the radius of soap bubble from $$3.5 \mathrm{~cm}$$ to $$7 \mathrm{~cm}$$ will be:

Take $$\left[\pi=\frac{22}{7}\right]$$

Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion A: If $$d Q$$ and $$d W$$ represent the heat supplied to the system and the work done on the system respectively. Then according to the first law of thermodynamics $$d Q=d U-d W$$.

Reason R: First law of thermodynamics is based on law of conservation of energy.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: