The vehicles carrying inflammable fluids usually have metallic chains touching the ground:

A galvanometer of resistance $$100 \Omega$$ when connected in series with $$400 \Omega$$ measures a voltage of upto $$10 \mathrm{~V}$$. The value of resistance required to convert the galvanometer into ammeter to read upto $$10 \mathrm{~A}$$ is $$x \times 10^{-2} \Omega$$. The value of $$x$$ is :

The electrostatic force $$\left(\vec{F_1}\right)$$ and magnetic force $$\left(\vec{F}_2\right)$$ acting on a charge $$q$$ moving with velocity $$v$$ can be written :

If $$\mathrm{n}$$ is the number density and $$\mathrm{d}$$ is the diameter of the molecule, then the average distance covered by a molecule between two successive collisions (i.e. mean free path) is represented by :