acrolein

ozone

sulphur dioxide

nitrogen oxides

$$\Delta $$G^o = 0, K = 1

$$\Delta $$G^o < 0, K < 1

$$\Delta $$G^o > 0, K < 1

$$\Delta $$G^o < 0, K > 1

Lithium is least reactive with water among the alkali metals

LiCl crystallises from aqueous solution as LiCl.2H₂O

Lithium is the strongest reducing agent among the alkali metals

LiNO₃ decomposes on heating to give LiNO₂ and O₂

leaching of bauxite using concentrated NaOH solution gives sodium aluminate and sodium silicate

the Hall-Heroult process is used for the production of aluminium and iron

pig iron is obtained from cast iron

the blistered appearance of copper during the metallurgical process is due to the evolution of CO₂