The derivative of $${\tan ^{ - 1}}\left( {{{\sin x - \cos x} \over {\sin x + \cos x}}} \right)$$, with respect to $${x \over 2}$$ , where $$\left( {x \in \left( {0,{\pi \over 2}} \right)} \right)$$ is :

If a₁, a₂, a₃, ..... are in A.P. such that a₁ + a₇ + a₁₆ = 40, then the sum of the first 15 terms of this A.P. is :

A system of three polarizers P₁, P₂, P₃ is set up such that the pass axis of P₃ is crossed with respect to that of P₁. The pass axis of P₂ is inclined at 60^o to the pass axis of P₃. When a beam of unpolarized light of intensity I0 is incident on P₁, the intensity of light transmitted by the three polarizers is I. The ratio ($${{{I_0}} \over I}$$) equals (nearly) :

One kg of water, at 20^oC, heated in an electric kettle whose heating element has a mean (temperature averaged) resistance of 20 $$\Omega $$. The rms voltage in the mains is 200 V. Ignoring heat loss from the kettle, time taken for water to evaporate fully, is close to : [Specific heat of water = 4200 J/(kg ^oC), Latent heat of water = 2260 kJ/kg]