$$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} {{x + 2\sin x} \over {\sqrt {{x^2} + 2\sin x + 1} - \sqrt {{{\sin }^2}x - x + 1} }}$$ is :

The derivative of $${\tan ^{ - 1}}\left( {{{\sin x - \cos x} \over {\sin x + \cos x}}} \right)$$, with respect to $${x \over 2}$$ , where $$\left( {x \in \left( {0,{\pi \over 2}} \right)} \right)$$ is :

If a₁, a₂, a₃, ..... are in A.P. such that a₁ + a₇ + a₁₆ = 40, then the sum of the first 15 terms of this A.P. is :

A system of three polarizers P₁, P₂, P₃ is set up such that the pass axis of P₃ is crossed with respect to that of P₁. The pass axis of P₂ is inclined at 60^o to the pass axis of P₃. When a beam of unpolarized light of intensity I0 is incident on P₁, the intensity of light transmitted by the three polarizers is I. The ratio ($${{{I_0}} \over I}$$) equals (nearly) :