In figure, the optical fiber is $$l$$ = 2m long and has a diameter of d = 20 μm. If a ray of light is incident on one end of the fiber at angle $$\theta _1$$ = 40°, the number of reflection it makes before emerging from the other end is close to: (refractive index of fibre is 1.31 and sin 40° = 0.64)

A wire of length 2L, is made by joining two wires A and B of same length but different radii r and 2r and made of the same material. It is vibrating at a frequency such that the joint of the two wires forms a node. If the number of antinodes in wire A is p and that in B is q then the ratio p : q is :

A steel wire having a radius of 2.0 mm, carrying a load of 4 kg, is hanging from a ceiling. Given that g = 3.1 p ms^–2, what will be the tensile stress that would be developed in the wire ?

For the circuit shown, with R₁ = 1.0W, R₂ = 2.0 W, E₁ = 2 V and E₂ = E₃ = 4 V, the potential difference between the points 'a' and 'b' is approximately (in V):