The energy density associated with electric field $$\vec{E}$$ and magnetic field $$\vec{B}$$ of an electromagnetic wave in free space is given by $$\left(\epsilon_{0}-\right.$$ permittivity of free space, $$\mu_{0}-$$ permeability of free space)

A 2 meter long scale with least count of $$0.2 \mathrm{~cm}$$ is used to measure the locations of objects on an optical bench. While measuring the focal length of a convex lens, the object pin and the convex lens are placed at $$80 \mathrm{~cm}$$ mark and $$1 \mathrm{~m}$$ mark, respectively. The image of the object pin on the other side of lens coincides with image pin that is kept at $$180 \mathrm{~cm}$$ mark. The $$\%$$ error in the estimation of focal length is:

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $$\mathbf{A}$$ and the other is labelled as Reason $$\mathbf{R}$$

Assertion A: When you squeeze one end of a tube to get toothpaste out from the other end, Pascal's principle is observed.

Reason R: A change in the pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of its container.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A: Diffusion current in a p-n junction is greater than the drift current in magnitude if the junction is forward biased.

Reason R: Diffusion current in a p-n junction is from the $$\mathrm{n}$$-side to the p-side if the junction is forward biased.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below