Sodium salt of an organic acid ‘X’ produces effervescence with conc. H₂SO₄. ‘X’ reacts with the acidified aqueous CaCl₂ solution to give a white precipitate which decolourises acidic solution of KMnO₄. ‘X’ is :

Sodium extract is heated with concentrated HNO₃ before testing for halogens because :

Which of the following reagents may be used to distinguish between phenol and benzoic acid ?

29.5 mg of an organic compound containing nitrogen was digested according to Kjeldahl’s method and the evolved ammonia was absorbed in 20 mL of 0.1 M HCl solution. The excess of the acid required 15 mL of 0.1 M NaOH solution for complete neutralization. The percentage of nitrogen in the compound is