Two long current carrying thin wires, both with current $$I,$$ are held by insulating threads of length $$L$$ and are in equilibrium as shown in the figure, with threads making an angle $$'\theta '$$ with the vertical. If wires have mass $$\lambda $$ per unit-length then the value of $$I$$ is :
($$g=$$ $$gravitational$$ $$acceleration$$ )

A rectangular loop of sides $$10$$ $$cm$$ and $$5$$ $$cm$$ carrying a current $$1$$ of $$12A$$ is placed in different orientations as shown in the figures below :

If there is a uniform magnetic field of $$0.3$$ $$T$$ in the positive $$z$$ direction, in which orientations the loop would be in $$(i)$$ stable equilibrium and $$(ii)$$ unstable equilibrium ?

Two coaxial solenoids of different radius carry current $$I$$ in the same direction. $$\overrightarrow {{F_1}} $$ be the magnetic force on the inner solenoid due to the outer one and $$\overrightarrow {{F_2}} $$ be the magnetic force on the outer solenoid due to the inner one. Then :

On a hot summer night, the refractive index of air is smallest near the ground and increases with height from the ground. When a light beam is directed horizontally, the Huygens' principle leads us to conclude that as it travels, the light beam :