1
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

JEE Main 2017 (Online) 9th April Morning Slot

A physical quantity P is described by the relation

P = a$^{{\raise0.5ex\hbox{\scriptstyle 1} \kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em \lower0.25ex\hbox{\scriptstyle 2}}}$ b2 c3 d$-$4

If the relative errors in the measurement of a, b, c and d respectively, are 2%, 1%, 3% and 5%, then the relative error in P will be :
A
8%
B
12%
C
32%
D
25%

Explanation

Given,

P = a$^{{1 \over 2}}$ b2 c3 d$-$4

Relative error =

${{\Delta P} \over P}$ $\times$ 100 = (${1 \over 2}$ $\times$ ${{\Delta a} \over a}$ + 2${{\Delta b} \over b}$ + 3${{\Delta c} \over c}$ + 4${{\Delta d} \over d}$) $\times$ 100

= ${1 \over 2}$ $\times$ 2 + 2 $\times$ 1 + 3 $\times$ 3 + 4 $\times$ 5

= 32%
2
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

JEE Main 2018 (Offline)

The density of a material in the shape of a cube is determined by measuring three sides of the cube and its mass. If the relative errors in measuring the mass and length are respectively 1.5% and 1%, the maximum error in determining the density is:
A
6%
B
2.5%
C
3.5%
D
4.5%

Explanation

Density of a material (d) = ${M \over {{L^3}}}$

$\therefore$ Error in density,${{\Delta d} \over d} = {{\Delta M} \over M} + 3{{\Delta L} \over L}$

${{\Delta d} \over d} \times 100 = {{\Delta M} \over M} \times 100 + 3{{\Delta L} \over L} \times 100$

$\Rightarrow {{\Delta d} \over d} \times 100 = 1.5\% + 3\left( 1 \right)\%$ = 4.5 %
3
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

JEE Main 2018 (Offline)

In a potentiometer experiment, it is found that no current passes through the galvanometer when the terminals of the cell are connected across 52 cm of the potentiometer wire. If the cell is shunted by a resistance of 5 $\Omega$, a balance is found when the cell is connected across 40 cm of the wire. Find the internal resistance of the cell.
A
2.5 $\Omega$
B
1 $\Omega$
C
1.5 $\Omega$
D
2 $\Omega$

Explanation

Internal resistance of potentiometer,

r = $\left( {{E \over V} - 1} \right) \times R$

Initially when no current passes through the galvanometer then

emf, E = K (52)

here K = potential gradient

After cell is shunted by a resistance 5 $\Omega$, then,

Terminal voltage, V = K(40)

$\therefore\,\,\,$ r = $\left( {{{52K} \over {40K}} - 1} \right)$ $\times$ 5

= $\left( {{{26} \over {20}} - 1} \right)$ $\times$ 5

= 1.5 $\Omega$
4
MCQ (Single Correct Answer)

JEE Main 2018 (Online) 15th April Morning Slot

The relative error in the determination of the surface area of sphere is $\alpha$. Then the relative error in the determination of its volume is :
A
${3 \over 2}\alpha$
B
${2 \over 3}\alpha$
C
${5 \over 2}\alpha$
D
$\alpha$

Explanation

Relative error in the surface are of the sphere,

${{\Delta S} \over S}$ = 2 $\times$ ${{\Delta r} \over r}$ = $\propto$ (given)

Relative error in volume,

${{\Delta V} \over V}$ = 3 $\times$ ${{\Delta r} \over r}$

= 3 $\times$ ${1 \over 2}$ $\times$ ${{\Delta S} \over S}$

= ${3 \over 2}$ $\times$ $\propto$

= ${3 \over 2}$ $\propto$

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