Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $$\mathbf{A}$$ and the other is labelled as Reason $$\mathbf{R}$$

Assertion A: When you squeeze one end of a tube to get toothpaste out from the other end, Pascal's principle is observed.

Reason R: A change in the pressure applied to an enclosed incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of its container.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

A small ball of mass $$\mathrm{M}$$ and density $$\rho$$ is dropped in a viscous liquid of density $$\rho_{0}$$. After some time, the ball falls with a constant velocity. What is the viscous force on the ball ?

The Young's modulus of a steel wire of length $$6 \mathrm{~m}$$ and cross-sectional area $$3 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}$$, is $$2 \times 10^{11}~\mathrm{N} / \mathrm{m}^{2}$$. The wire is suspended from its support on a given planet. A block of mass $$4 \mathrm{~kg}$$ is attached to the free end of the wire. The acceleration due to gravity on the planet is $$\frac{1}{4}$$ of its value on the earth. The elongation of wire is (Take $$g$$ on the earth $$=10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2}$$) :

The average kinetic energy of a molecule of the gas is