A sound source S is moving along a straight track with speed v, and is emitting, sound of frequency v₀ (see figure). An observer is standing at a finite distance, at the point O, from the track. The time variation of frequency heard by the observer is best represented by:
(t₀ represents the instant when the distance between the source and observer is minimum)

A driver in a car, approaching a vertical wall notices that the frequency of his car horn, has changed from 440 Hz to 480 Hz, when it gets reflected from the wall. If the speed of sound in air is 345 m/s, then the speed of the car is :

Assume that the displacement(s) of air is proportional to the pressure difference ($$\Delta $$p) created by a sound wave. Displacement (s) further depends on the speed of sound (v), density of air ($$\rho $$) and the frequency (f). If $$\Delta $$p ~ 10 Pa, v ~ 300 m/s, $$\rho $$ ~ 1 kg/m³ and f ~ 1000 Hz, then s will be of the order of (take the multiplicative constant to be 1) :

In a resonance tube experiment when the tube is filled with water up to a height of 17.0 cm from bottom, it resonates with a given tuning fork. When the water level is raised the next resonance with the same tuning fork occurs at a height of 24.5 cm. If the velocity of sound in air is 330 m/s, the tuning fork frequency is :