Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.

Assertion A : Body 'P' having mass M moving with speed 'u' has head-on collision elastically with another body 'Q' having mass 'm' initially at rest. If m << M, body 'Q' will have a maximum speed equal to '2u' after collision.

Reason R : During elastic collision, the momentum and kinetic energy are both conserved.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :

A circular hole of radius $$\left( {{a \over 2}} \right)$$ is cut out of a circular disc of radius 'a' as shown in figure. The centroid of the remaining circular portion with respect to point 'O' will be :

Particle A of mass m₁ moving with velocity $$\left( {\sqrt3\widehat i + \widehat j} \right)m{s^{ - 1}}$$ collides with another particle B of mass m₂ which is at rest initially. Let $$\overrightarrow {{V_1}} $$ and $$\overrightarrow {{V_2}} $$ be the velocities of particles A and B after collision respectively. If m₁ = 2m₂ and after
collision $$\overrightarrow {{V_1}} = $$$$\left( {\widehat i + \sqrt 3 \widehat j} \right)$$ , the angle between $$\overrightarrow {{V_1}} $$ and $$\overrightarrow {{V_2}} $$ is :

Blocks of masses m, 2m, 4m and 8m are arranged in a line on a frictionless floor. Another block of mass m, moving with speed v along the same line (see figure) collides with mass m in perfectly inelastic manner. All the subsequent collisions are also perfectly inelastic. By the time the last block of mass 8m starts moving the total energy loss is p% of the original energy. Value of 'p' is close to :