A zener diode having zener voltage 8 V and power dissipation rating of 0.5 W is connected across a potential divider arranged with maximum potential drop across zener diode is as shown in the diagram. The value of protective resistance R_p is .................... $$\Omega$$.

For the forward biased diode characteristics shown in the figure, the dynamic resistance at I_D = 3 mA will be __________ $$\Omega$$.

The typical output characteristics curve for a transistor working in the common-emitter configuration is shown in the figure.


The estimated current gain from the figure is __________.

An npn transistor operates as a common emitter amplifier with a power gain of 10⁶. The input circuit resistance is 100$$\Omega$$ and the output load resistance is 10 K$$\Omega$$. The common emitter current gain '$$\beta$$' will be ________. (Round off to the Nearest Integer).