In the following circuit, the comparator output is logic “I” if V₁ > V₂ and is logic “0” otherwise. The D/A conversion is done as per the relation $$${V_{DAC}} = \sum\limits_{n = 0}^3 {{2^{n - 1}}{b_n}\,\,} Volts,$$$ where b₃(MSB), b₂, b₁ and b₀ (LSB) are the counter outputs.

The counter starts from the clear state.

The stable reading of the LED display is

In the digital-to-Analog converter circuit shown in the figure below,
$${V_{R\,}}\, = \,10V$$ and $$R\, = \,10k\Omega $$

The current i is

In the digital-to-Analog converter circuit shown in the figure below,
$${V_{R\,}}\, = \,10V$$ and $$R\, = \,10k\Omega $$

The voltage V₀ is

A 4-bit D/A converter is connected to a free-running 3-bit UP counter, as shown in the following figure. Which of the following waveforms will be observed at V₀=?

In the figure shown above, the ground has been shown by the symbol $$\nabla $$