Noise In Digital Communication · Communications · GATE ECE

A sinusoidal message signal is converted to a PCM signal using a uniform quantizer. The required signal to quantization noise ratio (SQNR) at the outp...

A binary baseband digital communication system employs the signal $$$p\left( t \right) = \left\{ {\matrix{ {{1 \over {\sqrt {{T_s}} }},} & {0...

A sinusoidal signal of amplitude A is quantized by a uniform quantizer. Assume that the signal utilizes all the representation levels of the quantizer...

The capacity of a Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC) with cross - over probability 0.5 is ______ .

Consider the pulse shape s(t) as shown. The impulse response h(t) of the filter matched to this pulse is ...

A digital communication system uses a repetition code for channel encoding/decoding. During transmission, each bit is repeated three times (0 is trans...

An analog pulse s(t) is transmitted over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The received signal is r(t) = s(t) + n(t), where n(t) is add...

Consider a binary, digital communication system which uses pulses g (t) and − g (t)for transmitting bits over an AWGN channel. If the receiver uses a ...

The input X to the Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC) shown in the figure is ‘1’ with probability 0.8. The cross-over probability is 1/7. If the received...

A source emits bit 0 with probability $${1 \over 3}$$ and bit 1 with probability $${2 \over 3}$$. The emitted bits are communicated to the receiver. T...

Consider a discrete-time channel Y = X + Z, where the additive noise Z is signal- dependent. In particular, given the trasmitted symbol $$X\, \in \,\{...

Consider a communication scheme where the binary valued signal X satisfies P{X = + 1} = 0.75 and P {X = - 1} = 0.25. The received signal Y = X + Z, wh...

Coherent orthogonal binary FSK modulation is used to transmit two equiprobable symbol waveforms $${s_1}\,(t)\, = \,\alpha \,\,\cos \,\,\,2\,\pi {f_1}...

Let U and V be two independent zero mean Gaussian random variables of variances $${{1 \over 4}}$$ and $${{1 \over 9}}$$ respectively. The probability ...

A BPSK scheme operating over an AWGN channel with noise power spectral density of N02, uses equi-probable signals $$${s_1}\left( t \right) = \sqrt ...

A binary symmetric channel (BSC) has a transition probability of 1/8. If the binary transmit symbol X is such that P(X =0) = 9/10, then the probabi...

A four phase and an eight-phase signal constellation are shown in the figure below. For the constraint that the minimum distance between pairs of ...

A four phase and an eight-phase signal constellation are shown in the figure below. Assuming high SNR and that all signals are equally probable, ...

Consider a base band binary PAM receiver shown below. The additive channel noise $$n(t)$$ is white with power spectral density $${S_N}\left( f \right)...

Consider a base band binary PAM receiver shown below. The additive channel noise $$n(t)$$ is white with power spectral density $${S_N}\left( f \right)...

The amplitude of random signal is uniformly distributed between $$-$$5V and 5V If the signal to quantization noise ratio required in uniformly quanti...

The amplitude of random signal is uniformly distributed between $$-$$5V and 5V If the positive values of the signal are uniformly quantized with a st...

Consider a Binary Symmetric Channel (BSC) with probability of error being 'p'. To transit a bit, say 1, we transmit a sequence of three 1s. The receiv...

During transmission over a certain binary communication channel, bit errors occurs independently with probability p. The probability of at most one bi...

An input to a 6-level quantizer has the probability density function f(X) as shown in the figure. Decision boundaries of the quantizer are chosen so a...

An input to a 6-level quantizer has the probability density function f(X) as shown in the figure. Decision boundaries of the quantizer are chosen so a...

Two 4-ray signal constellations are shown. It is given that $${\phi _1}$$ and $${\phi _2}$$ constitute an orthonormal basis for the two constellations...

Two 4-ray signal constellations are shown. It is given that $${\phi _1}$$ and $${\phi _2}$$ constitute an orthonormal basis for the two constellations...

Let $$g\left( t \right){\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} \,\,\,\,\,{\mkern 1mu} = {\mkern 1mu} {\mkern 1mu} p\left( t \right){}^ * p\left( t \right)$$ where...

In the following figure the minimum value of the constant “C”, which is to be added to y1(t) such that y1(t) and y2(t) are different, is ...

A symmetric three-level midtread quantizer is to be designed assuming equiprobable occurrence of all quantization levels. If the input probability de...

A symmetric three-level midtread quantizer is to be designed assuming equiprobable occurrence of all quantization levels. The quantization noise power...

A signal as shown in figure is applied to a matched filter. Which of the following does represent the output of this matched filter? ...

Consider a binary digital communication system with equally likely $$0’s$$ and $$1’s$$. When binary $$0$$ is transmitted the voltage at the detector i...

If Eb, the energy per bit of a binary digital signal, is 10-5 watt-sec and the one-sided power spectral density of the white noise, N0 = 10-6 W/Hz, th...

A sinusoidal signal with peak-to-peak amplitude of 1.536V is quantized into 128 levels using a mid-rise uniform quantizer. The quantization-noise powe...

During transmission over a communication channel, bit errors occur independently with probability 'p'. If a block of n bits is transmitted, the probab...

The peak-to-peak input to an 8-bit PCM coder is 2 volts . The signal power - to -quantization noise power ratio (in dB) for an input of 0.5 $$\cos \le...

The input to a matched filter is given by $$$S\left( t \right) = \left\{ {\matrix{ {10\sin \left( {2\pi \times {{10}^6}t} \right),} & {0 <...

A signal having uniformly distributed amplitude in the interval ( -V, +V ) is to be encoded using PCM with uniform quantization. The signal - to - qua...

In a digital communication system, transmissions of successive bits through a noisy channel are assumed to be independent events with error probabilit...

Companding in PCM systems leads to improved signal - to - quantization noise ratio. This improvement is for