In a semiconductor device, the Fermi-energy level is 0.35 eV above the valence band energy. The effective density of states in the valence band at T = 300 K is 1 $$\times$$ 10$$^{19}$$ cm$$^{-3}$$. The thermal equilibrium hole concentration in silicon at 400 K is _____________ $$\times$$ 10$$^{13}$$ cm$$^{-3}$$ (rounded off to two decimal places).

Given kT at 300 K is 0.026 eV.

Select the CORRECT statements regarding semiconductor devices

A bar of silicon is doped with boron concentration of $10^{16} \mathrm{cm}^{-3}$ and assumed to be fully ionized. It is exposed to light such that electron-hole pairs are generated throughout the volume of the bar at the rate of $10^{20} \mathrm{~cm}^{-2} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}$. If the recombination lifetime is $100 \mu \mathrm{~s}$, intrinsic carrier concentration of silicon is $10^{10} \mathrm{~cm}^{-3}$ and assuming $100 \%$ ionization of boron, then the approximate product of steady-state electron and hole concentrations due to this light exposure is

The energy band diagram of a $p$-type semiconductor bar of length $L$ under equilibrium condition (i.e., the Fermi energy level $E_F$ is constant) is shown in the figure. The valance band $E_V$ is sloped since doping is non-uniform along the bar. The different between the energy levels of the valence band at the two edges of the bar is $\Delta$.

If the charge of an electron is $q$, then the magnitude of the electric field developed inside the semiconductor bar is