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1

### JEE Advanced 2021 Paper 2 Online

MCQ (More than One Correct Answer)
Consider a triangle PQR having sides of lengths p, q and r opposite to the angles P, Q and R, respectively. Then which of the following statements is (are) TRUE?
A
$$\cos P \ge 1 - {{{p^2}} \over {2qr}}$$
B
$$\cos R \ge \left( {{{q - r} \over {p + q}}} \right)\cos P + \left( {{{p - r} \over {p + q}}} \right)\cos Q$$
C
$${{q + r} \over p} < 2{{\sqrt {\sin q\sin R} } \over {\sin P}}$$
D
If p < q and p < r, then $$\cos Q > {p \over r}$$ and $$\cos R > {p \over q}$$

## Explanation

For option (a) $$\cos P = {{{q^2} + {r^2} - {p^2}} \over {2qr}}$$ ..... (i)

$$\because$$ $${{{q^2} + {r^2}} \over 2} \ge \sqrt {{q^2}{r^2}} (AM \ge GM)$$

$$\Rightarrow {q^2} + {r^2} \ge 2qr$$

From Eq. (i), we get

$$\cos P \ge {{2qr - {p^2}} \over {2qr}}$$

$$\Rightarrow \cos P \ge 1 - {{{p^2}} \over {2qr}}$$ $$\to$$ option (a) is correct.

For option (b)

$${{(q - r)\cos P + (p - r)\cos Q} \over {p + q}}$$$$= {{(q\cos P + p\cos Q) - r(\cos P + \cos Q)} \over {p + q}}$$

$$\Rightarrow 4{\lambda ^2} - 2\lambda = 0$$

$$\Rightarrow u\,.\,v\, = 0$$ (Rejected)

or $$u\,.\,v = {1 \over 2}$$

$$\therefore$$ $$u\,.\,v = {1 \over 2}$$

$$\therefore$$ $${\left| {3u + 5v} \right|^2} = 9{\left| u \right|^2} + 25{\left| v \right|^2} + 3 \times 5 \times 2 \times u\,.\,v$$

$$= 9 + 25 + 30 \times {1 \over 2}$$

$$= 49$$ ($$\because$$ $$\left| u \right| = \left| v \right| = 1$$, given)

$$\therefore$$ $$\left| {3u + 5v} \right| = 7$$

$$= {{r - r(\cos P + \cos Q)} \over {p + q}} = {{r - r\cos P - r\cos Q} \over {p + q}}$$

$$= {{r - (q - \cos R) - (p - q\cos R)} \over {p + q}}$$

$$= {{(r - p - q) + (p + q)\cos R} \over {p + q}}$$

$$= \cos R + {{r - (p + q)} \over {p + q}} \le \cos R$$ ($$\because$$ $$r < p + q$$)

Hence, option (b) is correct.

For option (c)

$${{q + r} \over p} = {{\sin Q + \sin R} \over {\sin P}} \ge {{2\sqrt {\sin Q.\sin R} } \over {\sin P}}$$

$$\to$$ option (c) is incorrect.

For option (d)

If p < q and p < r, then p is the smallest side and hence one of Q or R can be obtuse.

So, one of cos Q and cos R can be negative.

Therefore, $$\cos Q > {p \over r}$$ and $$\cos R > {p \over q}$$ cannot hold always.

Option (d) is incorrect.
2

### JEE Advanced 2020 Paper 1 Offline

MCQ (More than One Correct Answer)
Let x, y and z be positive real numbers. Suppose x, y and z are the lengths of the sides of a triangle opposite to its angles X, Y, and Z, respectively. If

$$\tan {X \over 2} + \tan {Z \over 2} = {{2y} \over {x + y + z}}$$, then which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
A
2Y = X + Z
B
Y = X + Z
C
$$\tan {X \over 2}$$ = $${x \over {y + z}}$$
D
x2 + z2 $$-$$ y2 = xz

## Explanation

For a $$\Delta$$XYZ, it is given that

$$\tan {X \over 2} + \tan {Z \over 2} = {{2y} \over {x + y + z}}$$

$$\Rightarrow {\Delta \over {s(s - x)}} + {\Delta \over {s(s - z)}} = {y \over s}$$

$$\Rightarrow \Delta {{(s - z + s - x)} \over {(s - x)(s - z)}} = y$$

$$\Rightarrow \Delta = (s - x)(s - z)$$

$$\Rightarrow s(s - x)(s - y)(s - z) = {(s - x)^2}{(s - z)^2}$$

$$\Rightarrow {s^2} - sy = {s^2} - (x + z)s + xz$$

$$\Rightarrow s(x + z - y) = xz$$

$$\Rightarrow {(x + z)^2} - {y^2} = 2xz$$

$$\Rightarrow {x^2} + {z^2} = {y^2} \Rightarrow y = {\pi \over 2}$$

$$\because$$ $$X + Y + Z = \pi \Rightarrow X + Z = {\pi \over 2} = Y$$

$$\Rightarrow X + Z = Y$$

$$\because$$ $$\tan {X \over 2} = \sqrt {{{1 - \cos x} \over {1 + \cos x}}} = \sqrt {{{1 - {z \over y}} \over {1 + {z \over y}}}}$$

$$= \sqrt {{{y - z} \over {y + z}}} = {{\sqrt {{y^2} - {z^2}} } \over {y + z}}$$

$$\tan {X \over 2} = {x \over {y + z}}$$ {$$\because$$ x2 + z2 = y2}
3

### JEE Advanced 2019 Paper 1 Offline

MCQ (More than One Correct Answer)
In a non-right-angled triangle $$\Delta$$PQR, let p, q, r denote the lengths of the sides opposite to the angles At P, Q, R respectively. The median from R meets the side PQ at S, the perpendicular from P meets the side QR at E, and RS and PE intersect at O. If p = $${\sqrt 3 }$$, q = 1, and the radius of the circumcircle of the $$\Delta$$PQR equals 1, then which of the following options is/are correct?
A
Length of OE = $${1 \over 6}$$
B
Length of RS = $${{\sqrt 7 } \over 2}$$
C
Area of $$\Delta$$SOE = $${{\sqrt 3 } \over {12}}$$
D
Radius of incircle of $$\Delta$$PQR = $${{\sqrt 3 } \over {2}}$$($${2 - \sqrt 3 }$$)

## Explanation

Let a non-right angled $$\Delta$$PQR.

Now, by sine rule

$${P \over {\sin P}} = {q \over {\sin Q}} = {r \over {\sin R}} = 2 \times$$ circumradius

$$\Rightarrow {{\sqrt 3 } \over {\sin P}} = {1 \over {\sin Q}} = {r \over {\sin R}} = 2 \times 1$$

[circumradius = 1 unit]

$$\Rightarrow$$ $${\sin P}$$ = $${{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}$$ and sinQ = $${1 \over 2}$$

$$\Rightarrow P = 120^\circ$$ and $$\Rightarrow Q = 30^\circ$$

($$\because$$ $$\Delta$$PQR is non-right angled triangle)

So, R = 30$$^\circ$$

$$\Rightarrow$$ r = 1, so $$\Delta$$PQR is an isosceles triangle. And, since RS and PE are the median of $$\Delta$$PQR, so 'O' is centroid of the $$\Delta$$PQR.

Now,

Option (a),

From Apollonius theorem,

$$2(P{E^2} + Q{E^2}) = P{Q^2} + P{R^2}$$

$$\Rightarrow 2\left( {P{E^2} + {3 \over 4}} \right) = 1 + 1$$

$$\Rightarrow P{E^2} = 1 - {3 \over 4} \Rightarrow P{E^2} = {1 \over 4}$$

$$\Rightarrow PE = {1 \over 2}$$ units

and $$OE = {1 \over 3}PE = {1 \over 6}$$ units

[$$\because$$ O divides PE is 2 : 1]

Option (b),

Again from Apollonius theorem,

2 (PS2 + RS2) = PR2 + QR2

$$\Rightarrow 2\left( {{1 \over 4} + R{S^2}} \right) = 1 + 3$$

$$\Rightarrow R{S^2} = 2 - {1 \over 4} \Rightarrow R{S^2} = {7 \over 4}$$

$$\Rightarrow RS = {{\sqrt 7 } \over 2}$$ units

Option (c),

Area of $$\Delta$$SOE = $${1 \over 2}(OE)\,(ST)$$

= $${1 \over 2} \times {1 \over 6}[(PS)sin60^\circ ]$$

= $${1 \over {12}} \times {1 \over 2} \times {{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}$$

= $${{\sqrt 3 } \over {48}}$$ square units

Option (d),

$$\because$$ Inradius of

$$\Delta PQR = {\Delta \over s} = {{{1 \over 2}pq\sin R} \over {{1 \over 2}(p + q + r)}} = {{{1 \over 2}(\sqrt 2 )(1){1 \over 2}} \over {{1 \over 2}(\sqrt 3 + 1 + 1)}}$$

$$= {{\sqrt 3 } \over 2}(2 - \sqrt 3 )$$ units

Hence, options (a), (b) and (d) are correct.
4

### JEE Advanced 2016 Paper 1 Offline

MCQ (More than One Correct Answer)
In a triangle $$\Delta$$$$XYZ$$, let $$x, y, z$$ be the lengths of sides opposite to the angles $$X, Y, Z$$ respectively, and $$2s = x + y + z$$.
If $${{s - x} \over 4} = {{s - y} \over 3} = {{s - z} \over 2}$$ and area of incircle of the triangle $$XYZ$$ is $${{8\pi } \over 3}$$, then
A
area of the triangle $$XYZ$$ is $$6\sqrt 6$$
B
the radius of circumcircle of the triangle $$XYZ$$ is $${{35} \over 6}\sqrt 6$$
C
$$\sin {X \over 2}\sin {Y \over 2}\sin {Z \over 2} = {4 \over {35}}$$
D
$${\sin ^2}\left( {{{X + Y} \over 2}} \right) = {3 \over 5}$$

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