A 2mH inductor with some initial current can be represented as shown below, where s is the Laplace Transform variable. The value of initial current is:

In the figure shown below, assume that all the capacitors are initially uncharged. If ν_i(t) = 10 u(t) Volts, ν₀(t) is given by

A square pulse of 3 volts amplitude is applied to C-R circuit shown in figure. The capacitor is initially uncharged. The output voltage v₀ at time t=2 sec is

The circuit shown in Fig, has initial current $${\mathrm i}_\mathrm L\left(0^-\right)\;=\;1\;\mathrm A$$ through the inductor and an initial voltage $${\mathrm v}_\mathrm C\left(0^-\right)\;=\;-1\;\mathrm V$$ across the capacitor. For input v(t) = u(t), the Laplace transform of the current i(t) for t ≥ 0 is