During transmission over a communication channel, bit errors occur independently with probability 'p'. If a block of n bits is transmitted, the probability of at most one bit error is equal to

The peak-to-peak input to an 8-bit PCM coder is 2 volts . The signal power - to -quantization noise power ratio (in dB) for an input of 0.5 $$\cos \left( {{\omega _m}t} \right)$$ is

The input to a matched filter is given by $$$S\left( t \right) = \left\{ {\matrix{ {10\sin \left( {2\pi \times {{10}^6}t} \right),} & {0 < 1 < {{10}^{ - 4}}\sec } \cr {0\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,,} & {otherwise} \cr } } \right.$$$

The peak amplitude of the filter output is

A signal having uniformly distributed amplitude in the interval ( -V, +V ) is to be encoded using PCM with uniform quantization. The signal - to - quantizing noise ratio is determined by the