A symmetric three-level midtread quantizer is to be designed assuming equiprobable occurrence of all quantization levels.

The quantization noise power for the quantization region between –a and +a in the figure is

Consider a binary digital communication system with equally likely $$0’s$$ and $$1’s$$. When binary $$0$$ is transmitted the voltage at the detector input can lie between the levels $$-0.25V$$ and $$+0.25V$$ with equal probability when binary $$1$$ is transmitted, the voltage at the detector can have any value between $$0$$and $$1 V$$ with equal probability. If the detector has a threshold of $$2.0V$$ (i.e., if the received signal is greater than $$0.2 V$$, the bit is taken as $$1$$), the average bit error probability is

A sinusoidal signal with peak-to-peak amplitude of 1.536V is quantized into 128 levels using a mid-rise uniform quantizer. The quantization-noise power is

If E_b, the energy per bit of a binary digital signal, is 10^-5 watt-sec and the one-sided power spectral density of the white noise, N₀ = 10^-6 W/Hz, then the output SNR of the matched filter is