The parallel branches of a 2-wire transmission line are terminated in 100 $$\Omega $$ and 200 $$\Omega $$ resistors as shown in the Fig. The characteristic impedance of the line is $$Z_0$$ = 50 $$\Omega $$ and each section has a length of $$\lambda /4$$. The voltage reflection coefficient $$\Gamma $$ at the input is:

A load of 50 $$\Omega $$ is connected in shunt in a 2-wire transmission line of $$Z_0$$ = 50 $$\Omega $$ as shown in the Fig. The 2-port scattering parameter matrix (S-matrix) of the shunt element is

Characteristic impedance of a transmission line is 50$$\Omega $$. Input impedance of the open-circuited line is $${Z_{oc}} = 100\, + \,j\,\,150\Omega .$$ When the transmission line is short-circuited the value of the input impedance will be

Voltage standing wave pattern in a lossless transmission line with characteristic impedance 50 $$\Omega $$ and a resistive load is shown in Fig. The reflection coefficient is given by