In the following figure, the transmitter Tx sends a wideband modulated RF signal via a coaxial cable to the receiver Rx. The output impedance $${Z_T}$$ of Tx, the characteristic impedance $${Z_0}$$ of the cable and the input impedance $${Z_R}$$ of Rx are all real. Which one of the following statements is TRUE about the distortion of the received signal due to impedance mismatch?

To maximize power transfer, a lossless transmission line is to be matched to a resistive load impedance via a $$\lambda /4$$ transformer as shown.

The return loss of a device is found to be 20 dB. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and magnitude of reflection coefficient are respectively.

A coaxial cable with an inner diameter of 1 mm and outer diameter of 2.4 mm is filled with a dielectric of relative permittivity 10.89. Given $${\mu _0} = \,4\,\pi \, \times \,{10^{ - 7}}$$
$$H/m,\,\,{\varepsilon _0} = {{{{10}^{ - 9}}\,} \over {36\,\pi }}\,F/m,$$ the characteristic impedance of the cable is