The permittivity of water at optical frequencies is $$1.75{\varepsilon _0}$$. It is found that an isotropic light source at a distance d under water forms an illuminated circular area of radius $$5m$$, as shown in the figure. The critical angle is $${\theta _c}$$

The value of $$d$$ (in meter) is ______ .

An optical fiber is kept along the$$\widehat Z$$ direction. The refractive indices for the electric fields along $$\widehat X$$ and $$\widehat Y$$ directions in the fiber are $${n_x} = 1.5000$$ and $${n_y} = 1.5001$$, respectively ($${n_x} \ne {n_y}$$ due to the imperfection in the fiber cross-section). The free space wavelength of a light wave propagating in the fiber is $$1.5\,\,\,\mu m$$. If the light wave is circularly polarized at the input of the fiber, the minimum propagation distance after which it becomes linearly polarized, in centimeters, is _______ .

A radar operating at 5 GHz uses a common antenna for transmission and reception. The antenna has a gain of 150 and is aligned for maximum directional radiation and reception to a target 1 km away having radar cross-section of 3m². If it transmits 100 kW, then the received power (in $$\mu W$$) is ______ .