Consider the OP-Amp circuit shown in the figure.

If $${V_i} = {V_1}\,\,\sin \left( {\omega \tau + \phi } \right),$$ then the minimum and maximum values of $$\phi $$ (in radians) are respectively

In the Op-Amp circuit shown, assume that the diode current follows the equation I = I_s exp (V/V_T) . For V_i = 2V, V_o = V₀₁, and for V_i = 4 V, V_o = V₀₂. The relationship between V₀₁ and V₀₂ is

For the BJT circuit shown, assume that the $$\beta $$ of the transistor is very large and V_BE = 0.7 V. The mode of operation of the BJT is

During transmission over a certain binary communication channel, bit errors occurs independently with probability p. The probability of at most one bit in error in a block of n bits is given by