A bipolar transistor is operating in the active region with a collector current of 1mA. Assuming that the 'β' of the transistor is 100 and the transconductance (g_m) and the input resistance ($${r_\pi }$$) of the transistor in the common emitter configuration, are

In the output of a DM speech encoder, the consecutive pulses are of opposite polarity during time interval t₁ $$ \le $$ t $$ \le $$ t₂. This indicates that during this interval

In a PCM system, if the code word length is increased from 6 to 8 bits, the signal to quantization noise ratio improves by the factor

Consider a binary digital communication system with equally likely $$0’s$$ and $$1’s$$. When binary $$0$$ is transmitted the voltage at the detector input can lie between the levels $$-0.25V$$ and $$+0.25V$$ with equal probability when binary $$1$$ is transmitted, the voltage at the detector can have any value between $$0$$and $$1 V$$ with equal probability. If the detector has a threshold of $$2.0V$$ (i.e., if the received signal is greater than $$0.2 V$$, the bit is taken as $$1$$), the average bit error probability is