Identify the binary mixtures that can be separated into individual compounds, by differential extraction, as shown in the given scheme.

For an ideal gas, consider only P-V work in going from an initial state X to the final state Z. The final state Z can be reached by either of the two paths shown in the figure. Which of the following choice(s) is(are) correct? (Take $$\Delta$$S as change in entropy and W as work done)

Which of the following molecules, in pure form, is(are) unstable at room temperature?

The substituents R₁ and R₂ for nine peptides are listed in the table given below. How many of these peptides are positively charged at pH = 7.0 ?