Orthogonal turning is performed on a cylindrical work piece with shear strength of $$250Mpa.$$ The following conditions are used: cutting velocity is $$180m/min,$$ feed is $$0.2mm/rev,$$ depth of cut is $$3mm,$$ chip thickness ratio is $$0.5.$$ The orthogonal rake angle is $$7deg.$$ Apply Merchants theory for analysis,

The cutting and frictional forces respectively are

In orthogonal turning of low carbon steel pipe with principal cutting edge angle of $$90,$$ the main cutting force is $$1000$$$$N$$ and the feed force is $$800N.$$ The shear angle is $$25$$ and orthogonal rake angle is zero. Employing Merchants theory, the ratio of friction force to the normal force acting on the cutting tool is

A low carbon steel bar of $$147$$ $$mm$$ diameter with length of $$630$$ $$mm$$ is being turned with uncoated carbide insert. The observed tool lives are $$24$$ and $$12$$ for cutting velocities of $$90$$ $$m/min$$ and $$120$$ $$m/min$$ respectively. The feed and depth of cut are $$0.2$$ $$mm/rev$$ and $$2$$ $$mm$$ respectively. Use the unmachined diameter to calculate the cutting velocity.

Neglect over travel or approach of the tool. When tool life is $$20min,$$ the machining time in $$min$$ for a single pass is

A low carbon steel bar of $$147$$ $$mm$$ diameter with length of $$630$$ $$mm$$ is being turned with uncoated carbide insert. The observed tool lives are $$24$$ and $$12$$ for cutting velocities of $$90$$ $$m/min$$ and $$120$$ $$m/min$$ respectively. The feed and depth of cut are $$0.2$$ $$mm/rev$$ and $$2$$ $$mm$$ respectively. Use the unmachined diameter to calculate the cutting velocity.

When tool life is $$20min.$$ The cutting velocity in $$m/min$$ is