A $$5$$-stage pipelined processor has Instruction Fetch $$(IF),$$ Instruction Decode $$(ID),$$ Operand Fetch $$(OF),$$ Perform Operation $$(PO)$$ and Write Operand $$(WO)$$ stages. The $$IF, ID, OF$$ and $$WO$$ stages take $$1$$ clock cycle each for any instruction. The $$PO$$ stage takes $$1$$ clock cycle for $$ADD$$ and $$SUB$$ instructions, $$3$$ clock cycles for $$MUL$$ instruction, and $$6$$ clock cycles for $$DIV$$ instruction respectively. Operand forwarding is used in the pipeline. What is the number of clock cycles needed to execute the following sequence of instructions?

Consider a $$4$$ stage pipeline processor. The number of cycles needed by the four instructions $${\rm I}1,$$ $${\rm I}2,$$ $${\rm I}3,$$ $${\rm I}4,$$ in stages $$S1, S2, S3, S4$$ is shown below.

What is the number of cycles needed to execute the following loop?
For $$\left( {i = 1} \right.$$ to $$\left. 2 \right)$$ $$\left\{ {{\rm I}1;{\rm I}2;{\rm I}3;{\rm I}4;} \right\}$$

The use of multiple register windows with overlap causes a reduction in the number of memory accesses for
$$1.\,\,\,\,$$ Function locals and parameters
$$2.\,\,\,\,$$ Register saves and restores
$$3.\,\,\,\,$$ Instruction fetches

Which of the following are NOT true in a pipelined processor?
$$1.$$ Bypassing can handle all RAW hazards
$$2.$$ Register renaming can eliminate all register carried WAR hazards
$$3.$$ Control hazard penalties can be eliminated by dynamic branch prediction.