Probability · Discrete Mathematics · GATE CSE

When six unbiased dice are rolled simultaneously, the probability of getting all distinct numbers (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) is

Consider a permutation sampled uniformly at random from the set of all permutations of {1, 2, 3, ..., n} for some n ≥ 4. Let X be the event that 1 occ...

Let A and B be two events in a probability space with $P(A) = 0.3$, $P(B) = 0.5$, and $P(A \cap B) = 0.1$. Which of the following statements is/are TR...

For a given biased coin, the probability that the outcome of a toss is a head is 0.4. This coin is tossed 1,000 times. Let X denote the random variabl...

The lifetime of a component of a certain type is a random variable whose probability density function is exponentially distributed with parameter 2. F...

Two numbers are chosen independently and uniformly at random from the set {1, 2, ...., 13}. The probability (rounded off to 3 decimal places) that the...

Let $$X$$ be a Gaussian random variable with mean $$0$$ and variance $${\sigma ^2}$$ . Let $$Y=max(X,0)$$ where $$max(a, b)$$ is the maximum of $$a$$...

A probability density function on the interval $$\left[ {a,1} \right]$$ is given by $$1/{x^2}$$ and outside this interval the value of the function is...

Each of the nine words in the sentence "The Quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is written on a separate piece of paper. These nine pieces of pap...

The security system at an IT office is composed of 10 computers of which exactly four are working. To check whether the system is functional, the offi...

Suppose you break a stick of unit length at a point chosen uniformaly at random. Then the expected length of the shorter stick is __________________.

Suppose p is the number of cars per minute passing through a certain road junction between 5PM and 6PM and p has a poisson distribution with mean 3. W...

Consider a random variable X that takes values + 1 and-1 with probability 0.5 each. The values of the cumulative distribution function F(x) at x = -...

If the difference between the expectation of the square of a random variable $$\left( {E\left[ {{X^2}} \right]} \right)$$ and the square of the expect...

If two fair coins are flipped and at least one of the outcomes is known to be a head, what is the probability that both outcomes are heads?

A sample space has two events A and B such that probabilities $$P\,(A\, \cap \,B)\, = \,1/2,\,\,P(\overline A )\, = \,1/3,\,\,P(\overline B )\, = \,1...

Suppose there are two coins. The first coin gives heads with probability 5/8 when tossed, while the second coin gives heads with probability 1/4. On e...

In a certain town, the probability that it will rain in the afternoon is known to be 0.6. Moreover, meteorological data indicates that if the temperat...

A bag contains 10 blue marbles, 20 green marbles and 30 red marbles. A marble is drawn from the bag, its colour recorded and it is put back in the bag...

Let $$f(x)$$ be the continuous probability density function of a random variable X. The probability that $$a\, < \,X\, \le \,b$$, is:

In a population of N families, 50% of the families have three children, 30% of the families have two children and the remaining families have one chil...

If a fair coin is tossed four times, what is the probability that two heads and two tails will result?

Let P(E) denote the probability of the event E. Given P(A) = 1, P(B) = $${\raise0.5ex\hbox{$\scriptstyle 1$} \kern-0.1em/\kern-0.15em \lower0.25ex\hbo...

Suppose that the expectation of a random variable X is 5. Which of the following statements is true?

Suppose that the expectation of a random variable X is 5. Which of the following statements is true?

A die is rolled three times. The probability that exactly one odd number turns up among the three outcomes is

The probability that it will rain today is 0.5. The probability that it will rain tomorrow is 0.6. The probability that it will rain either today or t...

Two dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability that at least one of them will have 6 facing up is

The probability that a number selected at random between $$100$$ and $$999$$ (both inclusive ) will not contain the digit $$7$$ is

Let A and B be any two arbitrary events, then, which one of the following is true?

Let $ x $ and $ y $ be random variables, not necessarily independent, that take real values in the interval $[0,1]$. Let $ z = xy $ and let the mean v...

A bag contains 10 red balls and 15 blue balls. Two balls are drawn randomly without replacement. Given that the first ball drawn is red, the probabili...

Consider a random experiment where two fair coins are tossed. Let A be the event that denotes HEAD on both the throws, B be the event that denotes HEA...

In an examination, a student can choose the order in which two questions (QuesA and QuesB) must be attempted. - If the first question is answered wro...

A bag has r red balls and b black balls. All balls are identical except for their colours. In a trial, a ball is randomly drawn from the bag, its colo...

Consider the two statements. S1 : There exist random variables X and Y such that (E[X - E(X)) (Y - E(Y))])2 > Var[X] Var[Y] S2 : For all ra...

A sender (S) transmits a signal, which can be one of the two kinds: H and L with probabilities 0.1 and 0.9 respectively, to a receiver (R). In the gr...

For n > 2, let a {0, 1}n be a non-zero vector. Suppose that x is chosen uniformly at random from {0, 1}n. Then, the probability that $$\sum\limits_...

Suppose Y is distributed uniformly in the open interval (1,6). The probability that the polynomial 3x2 + 6xY + 3Y + 6 has only real roots is (rounded ...

Consider Guwahati $$(G)$$ and Delhi $$(D)$$ whose temperatures can be classified as high $$(H),$$ medium $$(M)$$ and low $$(L).$$ Let $$P\left( {{H_G}...

Two people, $$P$$ and $$Q,$$ decide to independently roll two identical dice, each with $$6$$ faces, numbered $$1$$ to $$6.$$ The person with the lowe...

$$P$$ and $$Q$$ are considering to apply for a job. The probability that $$P$$ applies for the job is $${1 \over 4},$$ the probability that $$P$$ appl...

If a random variable $$X$$ has a Poisson distribution with mean $$5,$$ then the expectation $$E\left[ {{{\left( {X + 2} \right)}^2}} \right]$$ equals ...

For any discrete random variable $$X,$$ with probability mass function $$P\left( {X = j} \right) = {p_j},$$ $${p_j}\,\, \ge 0,\,j \in \left\{ {0,........

Consider the following experiment. Step1: Flip a fair coin twice. Step2: If the outcomes are (TAILS, HEADS) then output $$Y$$ and stop. Step3: If the...

Suppose that a shop has an equal number of LED bulbs of two different types. The probability of an LED bulb lasting more than $$100$$ hours given that...

Given Set $$\,\,\,A = \left\{ {2,3,4,5} \right\}\,\,\,$$ and Set $$\,\,\,B = \left\{ {11,12,13,14,15} \right\},\,\,\,$$ two numbers are randomly selec...

The probabilities that a student passes in Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry are $$m, p$$ and $$c$$ respectively. Of these subjects, the student has ...

Suppose $${X_i}$$ for $$i=1,2,3$$ are independent and identically distributed random variables whose probability mass functions are $$\,\,\Pr \left[ {...

Let S be a sample space and two mutually exclusive events A and B be such that $$A\, \cup \,B = \,S$$. If P(.) denotes the probability of the event, t...

The probability that a given positive integer lying between 1 and 100 (both inclusive) is NOT divisible by 2, 3 or 5 is _______________

Four fair six-sided dice are rolled. The probability that the sum of the results being 22 is X/1296. The value of X is__________

Suppose a fair six-sided die is rolled once. If the value on the die is 1, 2 or 3 the die is rolled a second time. What is the probability that the su...

A deck of 5 cards (each carrying a distinct number from 1 to 5) is shuffled thoroughly. Two cards are then removed one at a time from the deck. What ...

Consider a finite sequence of random values $$X = \left\{ {{x_1},{x_2},{x_3}, - - - - - {x_n}} \right\}..$$ Let $${\mu _x}$$ be the mean and $${\s...

Consider a company that assembles computers. The probability of a faulty assembly of any computer is P. The company therefore subjects each computer t...

What is the probability that divisor of $${10^{99}}$$ is a multiple of $${10^{96}}$$ ?

An unbalanced dice (with 6 faces, numbered from 1 to 6) is thrown. The probability that the face value is odd is 90% of the probability that the face ...

What is the probability that in a randomly choosen group of r people at least three people have the same birthday?

Aishwarya studies either computer science or mathematics everyday. If she studies computer science on a day, then the probability that the studies mat...

Let X be a random variable following normal distribution with mean + 1 and variance 4. Let Y be another normal variable with mean - 1 and variance unk...

Suppose we uniformly and randomly select a permutation from the 20! permutations of 1, 2, 3,..., 20. What is the promutations that 2 appears at an ear...

When a coin is tossed, the probability of getting a Head is p, 0 < p < 1. Let N be the random variable denoting the number of tosses till the fi...

A random bit string of length n is constructed by tossing a fair coin n times and setting a bit to 0 or 1 depending on outcomes head and tail, respect...

An unbiased coin is tossed repeatedly until the outcome of two successive tosses is the same. Assuming that the tails are independent, the expected nu...

Box P has 2 red balls and 3 blue balls and box Q has 3 red balls and 1 blue ball. A ball is selected as follows: (i) select a box (ii) choose a ball f...

A point is randomly selected with uniform probability in the X-Y plane within the rectangle with corners at (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 2) and (0, 2). If p ...

Two n bit binary stings, S1 and, are chosen randomly with uniform probability. The probability that the Hamming distance between these strings (the nu...

An examination paper has 150 multiple-choice questions of one mark each, with each question having four choices. Each incorrect answer fetches-0.25 ma...

Four fair coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability that at least one head and one tail turn up is

Seven (distinct) car accidents occurred in a week. What is the probability that they all occurred on the same day ?

$${{E_1}}$$ and $${{E_2}}$$ are events in a probability space satisfying the following constraints: $$ \bullet $$ $$\Pr \,\,({E_1}) = \Pr \,({E_2})$$...

Consider two events $${{E_1}}$$ and $${{E_2}}$$ such that probability of $${{E_1}}$$, Pr [$${{E_1}}$$] = 1/2, probability of $${{E_2}}$$, Pr[$${{E_2}}...

Let X and Y be two exponentially distributed and independent random variables with mean $$\alpha $$ and $$\beta $$, respectively. If Z = min (X, Y), t...

The probability that the top and bottom cards of a randomly shuffled deck are both access is

A bag contains 10 white balls and 15 black balls. Two balls drawn in succession. The probability that one of them is black the other is white is