In a triangle ABC, let AB = $$\sqrt {23} $$, BC = 3 and CA = 4. Then the value of $${{\cot A + \cot C} \over {\cot B}}$$ is _________.

Let $$\overrightarrow u $$, $$\overrightarrow v $$ and $$\overrightarrow w $$ be vectors in three-dimensional space, where $$\overrightarrow u $$ and $$\overrightarrow v $$ are unit vectors which are not perpendicular to each other and $$\overrightarrow u $$ . $$\overrightarrow w $$ = 1, $$\overrightarrow v $$ . $$\overrightarrow w $$ = 1, $$\overrightarrow w $$ . $$\overrightarrow w $$ = 4

If the volume of the paralleopiped, whose adjacent sides are represented by the vectors, $$\overrightarrow u $$, $$\overrightarrow v $$ and $$\overrightarrow w $$, is $$\sqrt 2 $$, then the value of $$\left| {3\overrightarrow u + 5\overrightarrow v } \right|$$ is ___________.

The smallest division on the main scale of a Vernier calipers is 0.1 cm. Ten divisions of the Vernier scale correspond to nine divisions of the main scale. The figure below on the left shows the reading of this calipers with no gap between its two jaws. The figure on the right shows the reading with a solid sphere held between the jaws. The correct diameter of the sphere is

An ideal gas undergoes a four step cycle as shown in the P-V diagram below. During this cycle, heat is absorbed by the gas in