Figure (i) shows the circuit diagram of a chopper. The switch $$S$$ in the circuit in figure (i) is switched such that the voltage $${V_D}$$ across the diagram as the wave shape as shown in figure (ii). The capacitance $$C$$ is large so that the voltage across it is constant. If switch $$S$$ and the diode are ideal, the peak to peak ripple (in A) in the inductor current is ________.

In the figure shown below, the chopper feeds a resistive load from a battery source. $$MOSFET$$ $$Q$$ is switched at $$250$$ $$kHz,$$ with a duty ratio of $$0.4.$$ All elements of the circuit are assumed to be ideal.

The PEAK-TO-PEAK source current ripple in $$Amps$$ is

In the figure shown below, the chopper feeds a resistive load from a battery source. $$MOSFET$$ $$Q$$ is switched at $$250$$ $$kHz,$$ with a duty ratio of $$0.4.$$ All elements of the circuit are assumed to be ideal.

The average source current in Amps in steady-state is

In the circuit shown, an ideal switch $$S$$ is operated at $$100$$ $$kHz$$ with a duty ratio of $$50%$$. Given that $$\Delta {i_c}$$ is $$1.6$$ $$A$$ peak-to-peak and $${{\rm I}_0}$$ is $$5 A$$ $$dc,$$ the peak current in $$S$$ is