A student is performing an experiment using a resonance column and a tuning fork of frequency 244 s^$$-$$1. He is told that the air in the tube has been replaced by another gas (assume that the column remains filled with the gas). If the minimum height at which resonance occurs is (0.350 $$\pm$$ 0.005) m, the gas in the tube is

(Useful information : $$\sqrt {167RT} $$ = 640 J^1/2 mol^$$-$$1/2; $$\sqrt {140RT} $$ = 590 J^1/2 mol^$$-$$1/2. The molar mass M in grams is given in the options. Take the values of $$\sqrt {10/M} $$ for each gas as given there.)

Heater of an electric kettle is made of a wire of length L and diameter d. It takes 4 minutes to raise the temperature of 0.5 kg water by 40 K. This heater is replaced by a new heater having two wires of the same material, each of length L and diameter 2d. The way these wires are connected is given in the options. How much time in minutes will it take to raise the temperature of the same amount of water by 40 K?

In the figure, a ladder of mass m is shown leaning against a wall. It is in static equilibrium making an angle $$\theta$$ with the horizontal floor. The coefficient of friction between the wall and the ladder is $$\mu$$₁ and that between the floor and the ladder is $$\mu$$₂. The normal reaction of the wall on the ladder is N₁ and that of the floor is N₂. If the ladder is about to slip, then

A transparent thin film of uniform thickness and refractive index n₁ = 1.4 is coated on the convex spherical surface of radius R at one end of a long solid glass cylinder of refractive index n₂ = 1.5, as shown in the figure. Rays of light parallel to the axis of the cylinder traversing through the film from air to glass get focused at distance f₁ from the film, while rays of light traversing from glass to air get focused at distance f₂ from the film. Then