Chemical reactions involve interaction of atoms and molecules. A large number of atoms/molecules (approximately 6.023 $$\times$$ 10$$^{23}$$) are present in a few grams of any chemical compound varying with their atomic/molecular masses. To handle such large numbers conveniently, the mole concept was introduced. This concept has implications in diverse areas such as analytical chemistry, biochemistry, electrochemistry and radiochemistry. The following example illustrates a typical case, involving chemical/electrochemical reaction, which requires a clear understanding of the mole concept. A 4.0 molar aqueous solution of NaCl is prepared and 500 mL of this solution is electrolysed. This leads to the evolution of chlorine gas at one of the electrodes (atomic mass : Na = 23, Hg = 200; 1 Faraday = 96500 coulombs)
The total charge (coulombs) required for complete electrolysis is:
Match the complexes in Column I with their properties listed in Column II. Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 $$\times$$ 4 matrix given in the ORS.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | $$\mathrm{[Co(NH_3)_4(H_2O)_2]Cl_2}$$ | (P) | geometrical isomers |
| (B) | $$\mathrm{[Pt(NH_3)_2Cl_2]}$$ | (Q) | paramagnetic |
| (C) | $$\mathrm{[Co(H_2O)_5Cl]Cl}$$ | (R) | diamagnetic |
| (D) | $$\mathrm{[Ni(H_2O)_6]Cl_2}$$ | (S) | metal ion with +2 oxidation state |
Match the chemical substances in Column I with type of polymers/type of bonds in Column II. Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 $$\times$$ 4 matrix given in the ORS.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | cellulose | (P) | natural polymer |
| (B) | nylon-6, 6 | (Q) | synthetic polymer |
| (C) | protein | (R) | amide linkage |
| (D) | sucrose | (S) | glycoside linkage |
Match gases under specified conditions listed in Column I with their properties/laws in Column II. Indicate your answer by darkening the appropriate bubbles of the 4 $$\times$$ 4 matrix given in the ORS.
| Column I | Column II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | hydrogen gas (P = 200 atm, T = 273 K) | (P) | Compressibility factor $$\ne$$ 1 |
| (B) | hydrogen gas (P $$\sim$$ 0, T = 273 K) | (Q) | attractive forces are dominant |
| (C) | CO$$_2$$ (P = 1 atm, T = 273 K) | (R) | PV = nRT |
| (D) | real gas with very large molar volume | (S) | $$P(V-nb)=nRT$$ |
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