Tollen's reagent is used for the detection of aldehyde when a solution of $\mathrm{AgNO}_3$ is added to glucose with $\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{OH}$ then gluconic acid is formed.

$$ \begin{array}{r} \mathrm{Ag}^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag} ; \quad \mathrm{E}_{\text {red }}^{\mathrm{o}}=0.8 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \text { Gluconic acid }\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_7\right) +2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 e ; \\ \mathrm{E}_{\text {oxd }}^{\mathrm{o}}=-0.05 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{NH}_3 ; \\ \mathrm{E}_{\text {red }}^{\mathrm{o}}=0.337 \mathrm{~V} \end{array} $$

[Use $2.303 \times \frac{\text { RT }}{\text { F }}=0.0592$ and

$$ \left.\frac{\mathrm{F}}{\mathrm{RT}}=38.92 \text { at } 298 \mathrm{~K}\right] $$

$$ \begin{array}{r} 2 \mathrm{Ag}^{+}+\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{~s})+\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_7 +2 \mathrm{H}^{+} \end{array} $$

Find $\ln \mathrm{K}$ of this reaction.

Tollen's reagent is used for the detection of aldehyde when a solution of $\mathrm{AgNO}_3$ is added to glucose with $\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{OH}$ then gluconic acid is formed.

$$ \begin{array}{r} \mathrm{Ag}^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag} ; \quad \mathrm{E}_{\text {red }}^{\mathrm{o}}=0.8 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \text { Gluconic acid }\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_7\right) +2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 e ; \\ \mathrm{E}_{\text {oxd }}^{\mathrm{o}}=-0.05 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{NH}_3 ; \\ \mathrm{E}_{\text {red }}^{\mathrm{o}}=0.337 \mathrm{~V} \end{array} $$

[Use $2.303 \times \frac{\text { RT }}{\text { F }}=0.0592$ and

$$ \left.\frac{\mathrm{F}}{\mathrm{RT}}=38.92 \text { at } 298 \mathrm{~K}\right] $$

When ammonia is added to the solution, pH is raised to 11 . Which half-cell reaction is affected by pH and by how much?

Tollen's reagent is used for the detection of aldehyde when a solution of $\mathrm{AgNO}_3$ is added to glucose with $\mathrm{NH}_4 \mathrm{OH}$ then gluconic acid is formed.

$$ \begin{array}{r} \mathrm{Ag}^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag} ; \quad \mathrm{E}_{\text {red }}^{\mathrm{o}}=0.8 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_6+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \text { Gluconic acid }\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_7\right) +2 \mathrm{H}^{+}+2 e ; \\ \mathrm{E}_{\text {oxd }}^{\mathrm{o}}=-0.05 \mathrm{~V} \\ \mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_2^{+}+e^{-} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}(\mathrm{~s})+2 \mathrm{NH}_3 ; \\ \mathrm{E}_{\text {red }}^{\mathrm{o}}=0.337 \mathrm{~V} \end{array} $$

[Use $2.303 \times \frac{\text { RT }}{\text { F }}=0.0592$ and

$$ \left.\frac{\mathrm{F}}{\mathrm{RT}}=38.92 \text { at } 298 \mathrm{~K}\right] $$

Ammonia is always added in this reaction. Which of the following must be incorrect?

For the reaction, $2 \mathrm{CO}+\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_2 ; \Delta \mathrm{H}=-560 \mathrm{~kJ}$. Two moles of CO and one mole of $\mathrm{O}_2$ are taken in a container of volume 1 L . They completely form two moles of $\mathrm{CO}_2$, the gases deviate appreciably from ideal behaviour. If the pressure in the vessel changes from 70 to 40 atm , find the magnitude (absolute value) of $\Delta \mathrm{U}$ at 500 K . $(1 \mathrm{~L} \mathrm{~atm}=0.1 \mathrm{~kJ})$