Consider a binary memoryless channel characterized by the transition probability diagram shown in the figure. The channel is

Consider the random process
x(t) = U + Vt.
Where U is a zero mean Gaussian random variable and V is a random variable uniformly distributed between 0 and 2. Assume that U and V are statistically independent. The mean value of the random process at t = 2 is _________________

The un-modulated carrier power in an AM transmitter is 5kW. This carrier is modulated by a sinusoidal modulating signal. The maximum percentage of modulation is 50%. If it is reduced to 40%, then the maximum un-modulated carrier power (in kW) that can be used without overloading the transmitter is ___________

A modulating signal given By $$x\left(t\right)=5\sin\left(4\mathrm\pi10^3\mathrm t\;-\;10\mathrm{πcos}2\mathrm\pi10^3\mathrm t\right)$$ V is fed to a phase modulator with phase deviation constant k_p=0.5rad/V. If the carrier frequency is 20 kHz, the instantaneous frequency (in kHz) at t = 0.5 ms is __________