If the electric flux entering and leaving an enclosed surface are $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$ respectively, the electric charge inside the surface will be

An electron of mass ' $m$ ' and charge ' $q$ ' is accelerated from rest in a uniform electric field of intensity ' $E$ '. The velocity acquired by it as it travels a distance ' $l$ ' is ' $v$ '. The ratio $\frac{\mathrm{q}}{\mathrm{m}}$ in terms of $E, l$ and $v$ is

The electric potential at the centre of two concentric half rings of radii $R_1$ and $R_2$, having same linear charge density ' $\lambda$ ' is ($\varepsilon_0=$ permittivity of free space)

A metallic sphere ' A ' isolated from ground is charged to $+50 \mu \mathrm{C}$. This sphere is brought in contact with other isolated metallic sphere ' $B$ ' of half the radius of sphere ' $A$ '. Then the charge on the two isolated spheres A \& B are in the ratio