A $$10$$ $$mm$$ deep cylindrical cup with diameter of $$15$$ $$mm$$ is drawn from a circular blank. Neglecting the variation in the sheet thickness, the diameter (upto $$2$$ decimal points accuracy) of the blank is _________ $$mm.$$

In a sheet metal of $$2$$ $$mm$$ thickness a hole of $$10$$ $$mm$$ diameter needs to be punched. The yield strength in tension of the sheet material is $$100$$ $$MPa$$ and its ultimate shear strength is $$80$$ $$MPa.$$ The force required to punch the hole (in $$kN$$) is ______________

A rectangular hole of size $$100\,\,mm \times 50\,\,mm$$ is to be made on a $$5$$ $$mm$$ thick sheet of steel having ultimate tensile strength and shear strength of $$500$$ $$MPa$$ and $$300$$ $$MPa,$$ respectively. The hole is made by punching process. Neglecting the effect of clearance, the punching force (in $$kN$$) is