A simple impulse turbine expands steam frictionlessly from $$12$$ bar, $${250^0}C$$ with an enthalpy of $$2935$$ $$kJ/kg$$ to an enthalpy of $$2584$$ $$kJ/kg$$ at $$0.1$$ bar. Assuming that the nozzle makes an angle of $${20^0}$$ with the blade motion, and that the blades are symmetrical, find the blade velocity that produces maximum efficiency for a turbine speed of $$3600$$ rev/min. assume that the steam enters the nozzle with negligible velocity.

An adiabatic steam turbine receives dry saturated steam at $$1.0\,\,\,MN/{m^2}$$ and discharges it $$0.1\,\,\,MN/{m^2}.$$ The steam flow rate is $$3$$ $$kg/s$$ and the moisture at exit in negligible. If the ambient temperature is $$300$$ $$K,$$ determine the rate of entropy production and the lost power.

A Rankine cycle operates between pressures of $$80$$ bar and $$0.1$$ bar. The maximum cycle temperature is $${600^ \circ }C.$$ If the steam turbine and condensate pump efficiencies are $$0.9$$ and $$0.8$$, respectively, calculate the specific work and thermal efficiency. Relevant steam table extract is given below:

Dry saturated steam enters a friction-less adiabatic nozzle with negligible velocity at a temperature of $${300^ \circ }C.$$ It is expanded to a pressure of $$5000$$ $$kPa.$$ The mass flow rate is $$1$$ $$kg/s$$. Calculate the exit velocity of steam.