A Rankine cycle operates between pressures of $$80$$ bar and $$0.1$$ bar. The maximum cycle temperature is $${600^ \circ }C.$$ If the steam turbine and condensate pump efficiencies are $$0.9$$ and $$0.8$$, respectively, calculate the specific work and thermal efficiency. Relevant steam table extract is given below:

Dry saturated steam enters a friction-less adiabatic nozzle with negligible velocity at a temperature of $${300^ \circ }C.$$ It is expanded to a pressure of $$5000$$ $$kPa.$$ The mass flow rate is $$1$$ $$kg/s$$. Calculate the exit velocity of steam.

In a single stage single row impulse turbine, the steam is entering at a velocity of $$1200$$ $$m/s$$ with a nozzle angle of $${20^ \circ }$$ and leaving the blade in the axial direction. The ratio of blade velocity to the tangential (whirl) velocity of steam is $$0.6.$$ Sketch the velocity diagram and calculate the work output.

In a steam power plant operating with simple Rankine cycle, the turbine is fed with steam at $$100$$ bar and $$673$$ $$K.$$ Determine the actual enthalpy and quality of the steam extracted at $$14$$ bar if the turbine stage efficiency is $$90$$ percent.