Consider the oscillator circuit shown in the figure. The function of the network (shown in dotted lines) consisting of the 100 k $$\Omega$$ resistor in series with the two diodes connected back- to is to:

Consider the constant current source shown in the figure below. Let $$\beta $$ represent the current gain of the transistor

The load current I₀ through R_L is

The following signal V_i of peak voltage 8V is applied to the non-inverting terminal of an ideal Opamp. The transistor has V_BE = 0.7 V, $$\beta \, = \,100;$$ V_LED = 1.5 V, V_CC = 10V and -V_CC = -10V.

The number of times the LED glows is ______.

A p-i-n photo diode of responsivity 0.8A/W is connected to the inverting input of an ideal opamp as shown in the figure, +V_CC = 15V, - V_CC = -15V, Load resistor R_L = 10 k$$\Omega $$ . If 10$$\mu $$W of power is incident on the photodiode, then the value of the photocurrent (in $$\mu $$A) through the load is _____.