In semiconductors at room temperature,

The logic circuit in figure is equivalent to

In an NPN transistor $10^{10}$ electrons enter the emitter in $10^{-6} \mathrm{~s}$ and $2 \%$ electrons recombine with holes in base. The current ratios ' $\alpha$ ' and ' $\beta$ ' of a transistor are respectively (nearly)

The output of following combination is same as that of